The Effects of Length of Mindfulness Practice on Mindfulness, Depression, Anxiety and Stress: A Randomised Controlled Experiment
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 71
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Change from baseline at post-intervention (week 3) on the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire -15 item version (FFMQ-15)
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This study aims to examine whether greater length of mindfulness practice results in more beneficial outcomes.
Detailed Description
This study will randomise participants to one of three groups: (1) four sessions of medium length mindfulness practice (lasting 20 mins) and 5 mins of an audio book; (2) four sessions of brief mindfulness practice (lasting 5 mins) and 20 mins of an audio book; and (3) a control group who just receive 4 sessions of audio book (lasting 25 mins). In the mindfulness arms, in each session, the participants will receive the audio book prior to the mindfulness practice. Mindfulness levels, and depression, anxiety and stress will be measured by self-report at baseline, session by session, and at post-intervention.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Basic Science
- Masking
- None
Masking Description
Participants will be masked to the extent that they will not be told which group they have been allocated to nor the exact nature of the the three groups. However, they will be aware of the exercises they are asked to undertake.
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Members of the general public, especially university students or staff.
- •Adequate understanding of spoken and written English
Exclusion Criteria
- •Currently experiencing significant difficulties with their mental wellbeing.
- •Currently have a personal mindfulness practice.
- •Currently participating in a mindfulness-based intervention.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change from baseline at post-intervention (week 3) on the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire -15 item version (FFMQ-15)
Time Frame: Post-intervention (3 weeks after baseline).
The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire -15 item version is a self-report measure of mindfulness, producing a total score between 15 and 75, with higher scores indicating greater levels of mindfulness. (Note that the observe subscale will be excluded from the calculation of the total score, as recommended in https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21865 and http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000263 producing a total score between 12 and 60).
Secondary Outcomes
- Change from baseline at post-intervention (week 3) on the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 item version (DASS-21).(Post-intervention (3 weeks after baseline).)