Hydroxychloroquine

Generic Name: Hydroxychloroquine

Brand Names: Plaquenil, Sovuna

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₈H_₂₆ClN_₃O

CAS Number: 118-42-3

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 4QWG6N8QKH

Background: Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like chloroquine. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of quinacrine with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955.

A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.

Indication: Hydroxychloroquine is indicated for the prophylaxis of malaria where chloroquine resistance is not reported, treatment of uncomplicated malaria (caused by P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax), chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Associated Conditions: Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis, Malaria, Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Sjogren's Syndrome (SS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale, Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Hydroxychloroquine Treatment of Healthcare Workers With COVID19 Illness at Montefiore

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: COVID-19
Coronavirus
COVID

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-17

Last Posted Date: 2020-05-27

Lead Sponsor: Montefiore Medical Center

Registration Number: NCT04350450

Locations: 🇺🇸
Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States

Assessment of Efficacy and Safety of HCQ and Antibiotics Administrated to Patients COVID19(+)

Phase 4

Withdrawn

Conditions: Patients With COVID19

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Azithromycin

First Posted Date: 2020-04-17

Last Posted Date: 2020-08-28

Lead Sponsor: Abderrahmane Mami Hospital

Registration Number: NCT04351919

Locations: 🇹🇳
Eshmoun Clinical Research Centre/ Hôpital Abderrahmen Mami-Ariana, Tunis, Tunisia

Double Therapy With IFN-beta 1b and Hydroxychloroquine

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: COVID

Interventions: Drug: Interferon Beta-1B
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-17

Last Posted Date: 2020-07-28

Lead Sponsor: The University of Hong Kong

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT04350281

Locations: 🇭🇰
The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Test and Treat COVID 65plus+

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: SARS-CoV 2
COVID-19

Interventions: Other: Placebo
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-17

Last Posted Date: 2021-01-15

Lead Sponsor: University Hospital Tuebingen

Registration Number: NCT04351516

Locations: 🇩🇪
Uniklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
🇩🇪
Uniklinikum Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany

Hydroxychloroquine With or Without Azithromycin for Virologic Cure of COVID-19

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Covid19

Interventions: Other: Placebo Tablet
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Azithromycin
Other: Placebo capsules

First Posted Date: 2020-04-16

Last Posted Date: 2021-02-23

Lead Sponsor: Hamad Medical Corporation

Target Recruit Count: 456

Registration Number: NCT04349592

Locations: 🇶🇦
Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar

Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin for the Treatment of Ambulatory Patients With Mild COVID-19

Early Phase 1

Suspended

Conditions: Covid-19

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate
Drug: Azithromycin Tablets

First Posted Date: 2020-04-16

Last Posted Date: 2022-11-04

Lead Sponsor: Azidus Brasil

Target Recruit Count: 200

Registration Number: NCT04348474

Locations: 🇧🇷
Prevent Senior Private Operadora de Saúde LTDA., São Paulo, Brazil

EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF THE HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE-AZITHROMYCIN COMBINATION IN THE IN THE PREVENTION OF COVID-19 RELATED SDRA

Phase 3

Withdrawn

Conditions: Sars-CoV-2, Community-Acquired Pneumonia,COVID-19

Interventions: Drug: Control arm
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin treatment arm.
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-15

Last Posted Date: 2020-06-04

Lead Sponsor: University Hospital, Strasbourg, France

Registration Number: NCT04347512

Immune Monitoring of Prophylactic Effect of Hydroxychloroquine in Healthcare Providers Highly Exposed to COVID-19

Phase 3

Withdrawn

Conditions: COVID

Interventions: Drug: Placebo oral tablet
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-15

Last Posted Date: 2021-05-05

Lead Sponsor: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Registration Number: NCT04346329

Locations: 🇨🇴
Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
🇨🇴
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia