Hydroxychloroquine

Generic Name: Hydroxychloroquine

Brand Names: Plaquenil, Sovuna

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₈H_₂₆ClN_₃O

CAS Number: 118-42-3

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 4QWG6N8QKH

Background: Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like chloroquine. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of quinacrine with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955.

A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.

Indication: Hydroxychloroquine is indicated for the prophylaxis of malaria where chloroquine resistance is not reported, treatment of uncomplicated malaria (caused by P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax), chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Associated Conditions: Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis, Malaria, Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Sjogren's Syndrome (SS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale, Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Clinical Trials

Neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX With Perioperative Oral Hydroxychloroquine in Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Phase 1

Recruiting

Conditions: Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine sulfate

First Posted Date: 2021-06-03

Last Posted Date: 2025-02-24

Lead Sponsor: West Virginia University

Target Recruit Count: 40

Registration Number: NCT04911816

Locations: 🇺🇸
West Virginia University Cancer Institute Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States

TACE Plus Axitinib and Hydroxychlorquine for Liver-Dominant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (CRC)

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Colorectal Neoplasms Malignant

Interventions: Drug: Axitinib 5 MG
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Pill
Procedure: trans arterial chemoembolization

First Posted Date: 2021-05-05

Last Posted Date: 2024-04-26

Lead Sponsor: Abramson Cancer Center at Penn Medicine

Target Recruit Count: 5

Registration Number: NCT04873895

Locations: 🇺🇸
Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for Prevention of COVID-19

Phase 3

Conditions: COVID-19 Prevention
Covid19

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)
Other: Standard care
Other: Placebo

First Posted Date: 2021-04-26

Last Posted Date: 2021-06-11

Lead Sponsor: Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh

Target Recruit Count: 1000

Registration Number: NCT04858633

Locations: 🇮🇳
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

Hydroxychloroquine for Treatment of Non-Severe COVID-19

Phase 2

Conditions: Covid19

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine tablets

First Posted Date: 2021-04-26

Last Posted Date: 2021-04-26

Lead Sponsor: Makerere University

Target Recruit Count: 105

Registration Number: NCT04860284

Locations: 🇺🇬
Namboole COVID-19 treatment unit, Kampala, Uganda

Prevention of Complications (SARS-CoV-2): Clinical Study

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Complication

Interventions: Drug: Control group (standard hospital treatment)
Drug: Group Hydroxychloroquine and apixaban
Drug: Group Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Group Apixaban

First Posted Date: 2021-03-09

Last Posted Date: 2021-03-09

Lead Sponsor: Universidade do Vale do Sapucai

Target Recruit Count: 176

Registration Number: NCT04788355

Locations: 🇧🇷
Univás, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Exploratory Platform Trial to Evaluate Immunotherapy Combinations With Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Patients With Previously Untreated Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Phase 1

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Interventions: Drug: Ipilimumab (Cohort A, B and C)
Drug: Nivolumab (Cohort A)
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (Cohort B)
Drug: Gemcitabine (gem) (Cohort A, B and C)
Drug: Nab-paclitaxel (nP) (Cohort A, B and C)
Drug: NG350A (Cohort C)

First Posted Date: 2021-03-09

Last Posted Date: 2024-01-17

Lead Sponsor: Cancer Insight, LLC

Target Recruit Count: 45

Registration Number: NCT04787991

Locations: 🇺🇸
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
🇺🇸
Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
🇺🇸
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States

and more 3 locations