Erythropoietin
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Erythropoietin is a recombinant form of human erythropoietin used to increase differentiation of progenitor cells to red blood cells in the treatment of anemia.
Erythropoietin is a recombinant form of human erythropoietin used to increase differentiation of progenitor cells to red blood cells in the treatment of anemia.
Erythropoietin or exogenous epoetin alfa binds to the erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) and activates intracellular signal transduction pathways . The affinity (Kd) of EPO for its receptor on human cells is ∼100 to 200 pM . Upon binding to EPO-R on the surface of erythroid progenitor cells, a conformational change is induced which brings EPO-R-associated Janus family tyrosine protein kinase 2 (JAK2) molecules into close proximity. JAK2 molecules are subsequently activated via phosphorylation, then phosphorylate tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic domain of the EPO-R that serve as docking sites for Src homology 2-domain-containing intracellular signaling proteins . The signalling proteins include STAT5 that once phosphorylated by JAK2, dissociates from the EPO-R, dimerizes, and translocates to the nucleus where they serve as transcription factors to activate target genes involved in cell division or differentiation, including the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-x . The inhibition of apoptosis by the EPO-activated JAK2/STAT5/Bcl-x pathway is critical in erythroid differentiation. Via JAK2-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation, erythropoietin and epoetin alfa also activates other intracellular proteins involved in erythroid cell proliferation and survival, such as Shc , phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and phospholipase C-γ1 .
用于肾功能不全合并的贫血，艾滋病本身或因治疗引起的贫血，恶性肿瘤伴发的贫血及风湿性贫血等。另外，为择期手术储存自体血而反复采血的患者，同时应用本品可预防发生贫血。
