Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic neoplasms with variable underlying etiology and presentation, including neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Further mutations leading to increased proliferation of cancerous cells can eventually lead to secondary acute myeloid leukemia, which has a poor prognosis. Among treatment options, nucleoside analogues such as decitabine and azacitidine integrate into cellular DNA and inhibit the action of DNA methyltransferases, leading to global hypomethylation and related downstream therapeutic benefits.
Decitabine was developed by MGI Pharma/SuperGen Inc. and was approved by the FDA for the treatment of MDS on February 5, 2006. It was first marketed under the name Dacogen®. It is also available as an oral combination product together with the cytidine deaminase inhibitor cedazuridine.
Decitabine is indicated for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including all French-American-British subtypes (refractory anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia), as well as for MDS scored as belonging to the intermediate-1, intermediate-2, or high-risk group in the International Prognostic Scoring System.
Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium, Seattle, Washington, United States
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