Fluconazole
生产企业：Pfizer chemicals div pfizer inc, Aurobindo pharma usa inc，另有 27 家
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal used to treat various fungal infections including candidiasis.
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal used to treat various fungal infections including candidiasis.
Fluconazole is a very selective inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P450 dependent enzyme lanosterol 14-α-demethylase. This enzyme normally works to convert lanosterol to ergosterol, which is necessary for fungal cell wall synthesis. The free nitrogen atom located on the azole ring of fluconazole binds with a single iron atom located in the heme group of lanosterol 14-α-demethylase. This prevents oxygen activation and, as a result, inhibits the demethylation of lanosterol, halting the process of ergosterol biosynthesis. Methylated sterols are then found to accumulate in the fungal cellular membrane, leading to an arrest of fungal growth. These accumulated sterols negatively affect the structure and function of the fungal cell plasma membrane. Fluconazole resistance may arise from an alteration in the amount or function of the target enzyme (lanosterol 14-α-demethylase), altered access to this enzyme, or a combination of the above. Other mechanisms may also be implicated, and studies are ongoing.
Fluconazole can be administered in the treatment of the following fungal infections: 1) Vaginal yeast infections caused by Candida 2) Systemic Candida infections 3) Both esophageal and oropharyngeal candidiasis 4) Cryptococcal meningitis 5) UTI (urinary tract infection) by Candida 6) Peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum) caused by Candida A note on fungal infection prophylaxis Patients receiving bone marrow transplantation who are treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy may be predisposed to candida infections, and may receive fluconazole as prophylactic therapy. A note on laboratory testing Obtaining specimens for fungal culture and other important laboratory studies such as serology or pathology is advised before starting fluconazole therapy in order to isolate the organisms to be eliminated through treatment. It is permissible to start therapy before the results are available, however, adjusting the therapy once laboratory results confirm the causative organism may be necessary.
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