Carvedilol is a racemic mixture where the S(-) enantiomer is both a beta and alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker, and the R(+) enantiomer is an alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker. It is currently used to treat heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and hypertension. The dual action of carvedilol is advantageous in combination therapies as moderate doses of 2 drugs have a decreased incidence of adverse effects compared to high dose monotherapy in the treatment of moderate hypertension.
Carvedilol was granted FDA approval on 14 September 1995.
Carvedilol is indicated to treat mild to severe heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction with ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, or hypertension.
Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig,, Zagazig, Egypt
Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
Lise Laclautre, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States
Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Helsinki, Finland
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