Carvedilol is a racemic mixture where the S(-) enantiomer is both a beta and alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker, and the R(+) enantiomer is an alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker. It is currently used to treat heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and hypertension. The dual action of carvedilol is advantageous in combination therapies as moderate doses of 2 drugs have a decreased incidence of adverse effects compared to high dose monotherapy in the treatment of moderate hypertension.
Carvedilol was granted FDA approval on 14 September 1995.
Carvedilol is indicated to treat mild to severe heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction with ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, or hypertension.
Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lérida, Spain
Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Hospital German Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
Laboratorio Ricerche Cardiologiche. Istituto Auxologico Italiano. Ospedale S. Luca. Via Spagnoletto, 3. Regina Margherita Hut (Monte Rosa, Italian Alps, 4559 m), Milan, Italy
UTS Dallas Dialysis (Elmbrook), Dallas, Texas, United States
UTSW Oakcliff Davita Dialysis, Dallas, Texas, United States
UTSW Dallas East Davita Dialysis (Buckner unit), Dallas, Texas, United States
Unione Italiana lotta Distrofia Muscolare, Rome, Italy
SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States
Forest Investigative Site, Carrollton, Texas, United States
Forest Investigator Site, Florence, South Carolina, United States
UNMHSC, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
Suzuka Hospial, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
Centro Cardiologico Monzino, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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