Carvedilol is a racemic mixture where the S(-) enantiomer is both a beta and alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker, and the R(+) enantiomer is an alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker. It is currently used to treat heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and hypertension. The dual action of carvedilol is advantageous in combination therapies as moderate doses of 2 drugs have a decreased incidence of adverse effects compared to high dose monotherapy in the treatment of moderate hypertension.
Carvedilol was granted FDA approval on 14 September 1995.
Carvedilol is indicated to treat mild to severe heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction with ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, or hypertension.
Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
USC / Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
John H Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, United States
Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center/Fairview Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
VA West Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
Korea Univ. Guro Hospital, Seoul, Guro, Korea, Republic of
Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Il-won, Korea, Republic of
Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Songpa, Korea, Republic of
NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Institute of liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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