Lenvatinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that inhibits the kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors VEGFR1 (FLT1), VEGFR2 (KDR), and VEGFR3 (FLT4). Lenvatinib also inhibits other RTKs that have been implicated in pathogenic angiogenesis, tumor growth, and cancer progression in addition to their normal cellular functions, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors FGFR1, 2, 3, and 4; the platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα), KIT, and RET. These receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) located in the cell membrane play a central role in the activation of signal transduction pathways involved in the normal regulation of cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and differentiation, and in pathogenic angiogenesis, lymphogenesis, tumour growth and cancer progression. In particular, VEGF has been identified as a crucial regulator of both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis and increased expression of VEGF is associated with a poor prognosis in many types of cancers.
Lenvatinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Most patients with thyroid cancer have a very good prognosis with treatment (98% 5 year survival rate) involving surgery and hormone therapy. However, for patients with RAI-refractory thyroid cancer, treatment options are limited and the prognosis is poor, leading to a push for the development of more targeted therapies such as lenvatinib.
Lenvatinib is indicated for the treatment of the following cancerous conditions:
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC)
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
Endometrial Carcinoma
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
Sultan Ismail Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Columbia Asia Bukit Rimau, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital ( Site 0003), Tianjin, Tianjin, China
Beijing Cancer hospital-Digestive Oncology ( Site 0001), Beijing, Beijing, China
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School-Urology ( S, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
Beijing Luhe Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States
M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
Memorial Sloan Kettering - Bergen ( Site 1025), Montvale, New Jersey, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering - Monmouth ( Site 1022), Middletown, New Jersey, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering - Basking Ridge ( Site 1023), Basking Ridge, New Jersey, United States
The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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