乙胺丁醇 (Etibi, Myambutol)

概览

Ethambutol is an antituberculosis agent used in the prophylaxis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB).

作用机制

Ethambutol diffuses into Mycobacterium cells. Once inside the cell, ethambutol inhibits the arabinosyltransferases (embA, embB, and embC), preventing formation of the cell wall components arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan, and preventing cell division. Decreased concentrations of arabinogalactan in the cell wall reduces the number of binding sites for mycolic acid, leading to the accumulation of mycolic acid, trehalose monomycolate, and trehalose dimycolate. Lipoarabinomannan is a component of a cell surface molecule involved in the interaction with host cells. Reduced levels of lipoarabinomannan may interfere with mycobacterial interaction with host cells.

适应症

Ethambutol is indicated in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Ethambutol is commonly used in combination with isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide.

• Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Complex (MAC)
• Mycobacterium Infections
• Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB)