Metformin

Generic Name
Metformin
Brand Names
Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C4H11N5
CAS Number
657-24-9
Unique Ingredient Identifier
9100L32L2N
Background

Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication

Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions
Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
Associated Therapies
-

Effects of Metformin vs Oral Contraceptives on CV Risk Markers in PCOS

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
First Posted Date
2007-01-30
Last Posted Date
2007-01-31
Lead Sponsor
Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal
Target Recruit Count
50
Registration Number
NCT00428311
Locations
🇪🇸

Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

Effect of Inhaled Pre-prandial Human Insulin on Blood Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes

First Posted Date
2007-01-26
Last Posted Date
2018-09-05
Lead Sponsor
Novo Nordisk A/S
Target Recruit Count
227
Registration Number
NCT00427154
Locations
🇺🇸

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site, Tacoma, Washington, United States

Therapeutic Effects of Berberine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
First Posted Date
2007-01-22
Last Posted Date
2007-01-22
Lead Sponsor
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Target Recruit Count
70
Registration Number
NCT00425009
Locations
🇨🇳

Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Beta-Cell Function and Sitagliptin Trial (BEST)

First Posted Date
2007-01-11
Last Posted Date
2012-01-02
Lead Sponsor
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital
Target Recruit Count
21
Registration Number
NCT00420511
Locations
🇨🇦

Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Metformin for the Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy

First Posted Date
2006-12-21
Last Posted Date
2006-12-21
Lead Sponsor
Soroka University Medical Center
Target Recruit Count
200
Registration Number
NCT00414245
Locations
🇮🇱

Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel

The Effect of Metformin Added to Clomiphene Citrate on Pregnancy Rates in Hyperandrogenic, Chronic Oligoovulatory or Anovulatory Women

First Posted Date
2006-12-19
Last Posted Date
2006-12-19
Lead Sponsor
59th Medical Wing
Target Recruit Count
56
Registration Number
NCT00413179
Locations
🇺🇸

Wiford Hall Medical Center, Lackland AFB, Texas, United States

Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Therapy for the Prevention of Weight Gain Associated With Olanzapine

First Posted Date
2006-11-22
Last Posted Date
2009-10-06
Lead Sponsor
Eli Lilly and Company
Target Recruit Count
199
Registration Number
NCT00401973
Locations
🇷🇺

For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician., Moscow, Russian Federation

Lifestyle Modification and Metformin Use in the Treatment of HIV

First Posted Date
2006-11-14
Last Posted Date
2012-09-14
Lead Sponsor
Massachusetts General Hospital
Target Recruit Count
50
Registration Number
NCT00399360
Locations
🇺🇸

Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Double Blind Randomized Trial to Compare Gurmar (Gymnema Sylvestre) With Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes

Not Applicable
Conditions
First Posted Date
2006-11-08
Last Posted Date
2006-11-08
Lead Sponsor
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
Target Recruit Count
100
Registration Number
NCT00396851
Locations
🇮🇳

PGIMER, Chandigarh, India

Simvastatin and Metformin Therapy in PCOS Women. Prospective Randomised Trial.

Not Applicable
Conditions
First Posted Date
2006-11-07
Last Posted Date
2006-11-07
Lead Sponsor
Poznan University of Medical Sciences
Registration Number
NCT00396513
Locations
🇵🇱

Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Poznan, Poland

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