Metformin

Brand Names: Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo

Background: Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication: Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions: Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate

Triple Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Who Had Inadequate Glycemic Control With Combination Therapy

Phase 4

Completed

Interventions: Drug: Sitagliptin
Drug: Dapagliflozin
Drug: Lobeglitazone
Drug: Glimepirde
Drug: Metformin

Phase 1

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Stage III Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7
Unresectable Pancreatic Carcinoma
Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Interventions: Drug: Gemcitabine Hydrochloride
Drug: Paclitaxel Albumin-Stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation
Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride
Dietary Supplement: Therapeutic Dietary Intervention
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment

Locations: 🇺🇸
City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States
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City of Hope Rancho Cucamonga, Rancho Cucamonga, California, United States
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City of Hope South Pasadena, South Pasadena, California, United States