Chloroquine

Generic Name: Chloroquine

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₈H_₂₆ClN_₃

CAS Number: 54-05-7

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 886U3H6UFF

Background: Chloroquine is an aminoquinolone derivative first developed in the 1940s for the treatment of malaria. It was the drug of choice to treat malaria until the development of newer antimalarials such as pyrimethamine, artemisinin, and mefloquine. Chloroquine and its derivative hydroxychloroquine have since been repurposed for the treatment of a number of other conditions including HIV, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Chloroquine was granted FDA Approval on 31 October 1949.

Indication: Chloroquine is indicated to treat infections of P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum. It is also used to treat extraintestinal amebiasis.

Chloroquine is also used off label for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, as well as treatment and prophylaxis of Zika virus. Chloroquine is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19.

Associated Conditions: Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Extraintestinal Amebiasis, Malaria, Polymorphic Light Eruption (PLE), Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Acute, uncomplicated Malaria

Clinical Trials

Zinc With Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine in Treatment of COVID-19

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: COVID

Interventions: Drug: Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine
Drug: zinc

First Posted Date: 2020-06-25

Last Posted Date: 2022-04-01

Lead Sponsor: Tanta University

Target Recruit Count: 191

Registration Number: NCT04447534

Locations: 🇪🇬
Tanta university hospital, Assuit University, Ainshams University, Tanta, Egypt

Chloroquine Phosphate Prophylactic Use in Health Personnel Exposed to COVID-19 Patients

Phase 1

Conditions: COVID-19

Interventions: Drug: Chloroquine phosphate

First Posted Date: 2020-06-23

Last Posted Date: 2020-07-14

Lead Sponsor: CMN "20 de Noviembre"

Target Recruit Count: 200

Registration Number: NCT04443270

Locations: 🇲🇽
Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Mexico City, Benito Juárez, Mexico

Chloroquine + Losartan Compared to Chloroquine Alone for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: COVID-19 Pneumonia

Interventions: Drug: Chloroquine Phosphate Tablets

First Posted Date: 2020-06-11

Last Posted Date: 2021-02-18

Lead Sponsor: Hospital Universitario Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez

Registration Number: NCT04428268

Locations: 🇲🇽
Hospital Universitario José E. Gonzalez, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico

Efficacy of Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine in Treating Pneumonia Caused by SARS-Cov-2 - COVID-19

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: COVID-19
SARS-CoV 2
Coronavirus
COVID
Corona Virus Infection

Interventions: Other: standard care
Drug: Chloroquine
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-06-09

Last Posted Date: 2021-05-12

Lead Sponsor: Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Emergencias Medicas e Terapia Intensiva

Target Recruit Count: 142

Registration Number: NCT04420247

Locations: 🇧🇷
Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Emergencias Clinicas e Terapia Intensiva, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Partial Brain RT, Temozolomide, Chloroquine, and TTF Therapy for the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Glioblastoma
Gliosarcoma

Interventions: Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)
Drug: Temozolomide
Drug: Chloroquine
Procedure: Tumor Treating Fields Therapy (TTF)