阿托伐醌 (Malarone, Mepron)

概览

Atovaquone is an antimicrobial indicated for the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and for the prevention and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

作用机制

The mechanism of action against Pneumocystis carinii has not been fully elucidated. In Plasmodium species, the site of action appears to be the cytochrome bc1 complex (Complex III). Several metabolic enzymes are linked to the mitochondrial electron transport chain via ubiquinone. Inhibition of electron transport by atovaquone will result in indirect inhibition of these enzymes. The ultimate metabolic effects of such blockade may include inhibition of nucleic acid and ATP synthesis. Atovaquone also has been shown to have good in vitro activity against Toxoplasma gondii.

适应症

主要用于治疗恶性疟原虫感染（对氯喹敏感或耐药者）；还可用于艾滋病患者合并卡氏肺囊虫病或弓形原虫性脑炎等治疗以及轻中度不能耐受复方磺胺药的肺孢子菌肺炎（PCP肺炎）。

• Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum
• Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia
• Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis
• Acute, uncomplicated Malaria caused by plasmodium falciparum
• Mild Babesiosis
• Mild Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
• Moderate Babesiosis
• Moderate Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia