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Dexamethasone

Generic Name
Dexamethasone
Brand Names
Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C22H29FO5
CAS Number
50-02-2
Unique Ingredient Identifier
7S5I7G3JQL
Background

Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication

Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions
Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes
Associated Therapies
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A Study of BBI608 in Adult Patients With Advanced, Refractory Hematologic Malignancies

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Hematologic Malignancy
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-02-02
Last Posted Date
2023-11-14
Lead Sponsor
Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc.
Target Recruit Count
15
Registration Number
NCT02352558
Locations
🇺🇸

Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, Virginia, United States

🇺🇸

West Clinic, Germantown, Tennessee, United States

🇺🇸

Northwest Cancer Specialists, PC, Vancouver, Washington, United States

and more 5 locations

Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Stem Cell Transplant

Phase 2
Terminated
Conditions
Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-02-02
Last Posted Date
2015-03-09
Lead Sponsor
University of Colorado, Denver
Target Recruit Count
3
Registration Number
NCT02353468
Locations
🇺🇸

University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States

Melphalan and Bortezomib Prior to Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1
Terminated
Conditions
Plasma Cell Myeloma
Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma
Plasmacytosis
Smoldering Plasma Cell Myeloma
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-02-02
Last Posted Date
2015-03-09
Lead Sponsor
University of Colorado, Denver
Target Recruit Count
3
Registration Number
NCT02353572
Locations
🇺🇸

University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States

Caffeic Acid Tablets as a Second-line Therapy for ITP

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Immune Thrombocytopenia
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-01-30
Last Posted Date
2016-04-20
Lead Sponsor
Shandong University
Target Recruit Count
103
Registration Number
NCT02351622
Locations
🇨🇳

Shandong University Qilu hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China

Open-label Extended Access Program on Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone in Chinese Subjects With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Who Participated in CC-5013-MM021 for at Least 1 Year

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Multiple Myeloma
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-01-28
Last Posted Date
2019-11-12
Lead Sponsor
Celgene
Target Recruit Count
65
Registration Number
NCT02348528
Locations
🇨🇳

Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

🇨🇳

1st Hospital Zhejiang University (The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University ), Hangzhou, China

🇨🇳

Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China

and more 7 locations

Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of KTE-C19 in Adult Participants With Refractory Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Primary Mediastinal B-cell Lymphoma (PMBCL)
Transformed Follicular Lymphoma (TFL)
High Grade B-cell Lymphoma (HGBCL)
Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-01-28
Last Posted Date
2024-06-04
Lead Sponsor
Kite, A Gilead Company
Target Recruit Count
307
Registration Number
NCT02348216
Locations
🇺🇸

Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, United States

🇺🇸

University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Santa Monica, California, United States

🇨🇦

Princess Margaret, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

and more 33 locations

Protracted Effect of the Ultrasound-guided Saphenous Block

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Arthrosis, Unspecified, Ankle and Foot
Interventions
Drug: Bupivacaine-adrenaline
Other: Sodium chloride
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2015-01-26
Last Posted Date
2016-02-12
Lead Sponsor
University of Aarhus
Target Recruit Count
40
Registration Number
NCT02346110
Locations
🇩🇰

Department of Anesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Midtjylland, Denmark

Selinexor and Backbone Treatments of Multiple Myeloma Patients

First Posted Date
2015-01-21
Last Posted Date
2024-05-07
Lead Sponsor
Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc
Target Recruit Count
300
Registration Number
NCT02343042
Locations
🇺🇸

Sarah Cannon-Colorado Blood Cancer Institute, Denver, Colorado, United States

🇺🇸

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States

🇺🇸

Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

and more 21 locations

Tretinoin and Arsenic Trioxide in Treating Patients With Untreated Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Phase 3
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia With t(15;17)(q24.1;q21.2); PML-RARA
Interventions
Drug: Arsenic Trioxide
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Idarubicin
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride
Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Drug: Tretinoin
First Posted Date
2015-01-15
Last Posted Date
2024-11-07
Lead Sponsor
Children's Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
158
Registration Number
NCT02339740
Locations
🇺🇸

University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California, United States

🇺🇸

Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego, San Diego, California, United States

🇺🇸

Naval Medical Center -San Diego, San Diego, California, United States

and more 171 locations

Selinexor Treatment of Refractory Myeloma

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Multiple Myeloma
Interventions
First Posted Date
2015-01-13
Last Posted Date
2023-01-26
Lead Sponsor
Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc
Target Recruit Count
202
Registration Number
NCT02336815
Locations
🇺🇸

Jonnsson Comprehensive Cancer Center / University of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States

🇺🇸

Hackensack University Medical Center / John Therurer Cancer Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, United States

🇺🇸

Sylvester, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States

and more 58 locations
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