Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

A Phase 3 Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Masitinib in Patients With Relapse or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 3

Terminated

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Masitinib
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-11-11

Last Posted Date: 2018-12-19

Lead Sponsor: AB Science

Target Recruit Count: 147

Registration Number: NCT01470131

Locations: 🇺🇸
Southeastern Medical Oncology Center, Goldsboro, North Carolina, United States
🇫🇷
CHU Estaing, Clermont Ferrand, France
🇫🇷
CH Le Mans, Le Mans, France

and more 10 locations

Carfilzomib, Rituximab and Dexamethasone in Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Rituximab

First Posted Date: 2011-11-11

Last Posted Date: 2018-11-20

Lead Sponsor: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Target Recruit Count: 31

Registration Number: NCT01470196

Locations: 🇺🇸
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

A Safety and Efficacy Study of Carfilzomib and Pomalidomide With Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Pomalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-11-03

Last Posted Date: 2022-08-01

Lead Sponsor: Criterium, Inc.

Target Recruit Count: 136

Registration Number: NCT01464034

Locations: 🇺🇸
Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
🇺🇸
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States
🇺🇸
The John Theurer Cancer Center @ Hackensack UMC, Hackensack, New Jersey, United States

and more 6 locations

TUSC2-nanoparticles and Erlotinib in Stage IV Lung Cancer

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Erlotinib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Diphenhydramine

First Posted Date: 2011-10-20

Last Posted Date: 2022-03-02

Lead Sponsor: Genprex, Inc.

Target Recruit Count: 25

Registration Number: NCT01455389

Locations: 🇺🇸
UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

NHL16: Study For Newly Diagnosed Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: Prednisone
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Daunorubicin
Drug: PEG-asparaginase
Drug: Erwinia asparaginase
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Thioguanine
Drug: Clofarabine
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Mercaptopurine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Hydrocortisone
Drug: Etoposide

First Posted Date: 2011-10-13

Last Posted Date: 2022-06-28

Lead Sponsor: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 23

Registration Number: NCT01451515

Locations: 🇺🇸
Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
🇺🇸
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States

Efficacy and Safety of R-HAD Alone or in Combination With Bortezomib in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory MCL

Phase 3

Conditions: Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: Rituximab
Drug: High dose Ara-C
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Bortezomib

First Posted Date: 2011-10-10

Last Posted Date: 2017-03-07

Lead Sponsor: Prof. Dr. M. Dreyling (co-chairman)

Target Recruit Count: 128

Registration Number: NCT01449344

Locations: 🇫🇷
Hôpital Henri Mondor, Service hématologie, Créteil, France
🇫🇷
CHU de Nice, Service hématologie, Nice, France
🇩🇪
Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Abteilung Hämatologie, Hamburg, Germany

and more 51 locations

Ropivacaine Block Alone or With Perineural or Systemic Dexamethasone for Pain in Shoulder Surgery

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Shoulder Injury

Interventions: Drug: Ropivacaine
Drug: Normal saline
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-10-10

Last Posted Date: 2016-06-17

Lead Sponsor: Mayo Clinic

Target Recruit Count: 130

Registration Number: NCT01450007

Locations: 🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Paradoxical Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS) Treatment Trial

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Immune Reconstitution Syndrome
Tuberculosis
HIV-infection/Aids

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Naproxen
Drug: Placebo
Drug: Atorvastatin

First Posted Date: 2011-09-28

Last Posted Date: 2013-11-25

Lead Sponsor: University of Minnesota

Registration Number: NCT01442428

Locations: 🇹🇭
Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
🇹🇭
Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand
🇹🇭
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand