Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Assessment of Inflammatory Biomarkers Expressed in a Sjogren's Population: Effect of a Topical Steroid Intervention

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Sjogren's Syndrome

Interventions: Other: No treatment
Drug: Maxidex

First Posted Date: 2008-03-07

Last Posted Date: 2010-04-12

Lead Sponsor: Alcon Research

Target Recruit Count: 97

Registration Number: NCT00631358

Locations: 🇨🇦
Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
🇨🇦
Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Phase 1 Clinical Trial of NPI-0052 in Patients With Advanced Malignancies

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Advanced Cancer

Interventions: Drug: NPI-0052 on Days 1, 4, 8, 11 every 21 days
Drug: NPI-0052 on Days 1, 8, 15 every 28 days
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-03-06

Last Posted Date: 2017-11-22

Lead Sponsor: Celgene

Target Recruit Count: 86

Registration Number: NCT00629473

Locations: 🇦🇺
Mater Adult Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
🇦🇺
The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
🇦🇺
Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

and more 4 locations

Lenalidomide in Combination With Melphalan and Dexamethasone in Newly-diagnosed Light-chain (AL)-Amyloidosis

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Amyloidosis

First Posted Date: 2008-02-22

Last Posted Date: 2011-05-10

Lead Sponsor: Nantes University Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 27

Registration Number: NCT00621400

Locations: 🇫🇷
Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
🇫🇷
CHRU d'Amiens, Amiens, France
🇫🇷
CHRU de Lille, Lille, France

and more 9 locations

Dexamethasone Treatment of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital

Interventions: Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: Hydrocortisone

First Posted Date: 2008-02-22

Last Posted Date: 2011-02-23

Lead Sponsor: Boston Children's Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 5

Registration Number: NCT00621985

Locations: 🇺🇸
Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Evaluation of Fosaprepitant (MK0517) in Single Dose Schedule (0517-017)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV)

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Ondansetron

First Posted Date: 2008-02-21

Last Posted Date: 2017-03-21

Lead Sponsor: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC

Target Recruit Count: 2322

Registration Number: NCT00619359

Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin, Low Freq Dexamethasone & Revlimid (Dd-R) in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM)

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Lenalidomide
Drug: Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD)
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-02-18

Last Posted Date: 2014-01-17

Lead Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Target Recruit Count: 57

Registration Number: NCT00617591

Locations: 🇺🇸
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States

The Effects of Dexamethasone on the Duration of Sciatic Nerve Blocks

Not Applicable

Terminated

Conditions: Total Knee Arthroplasty

Interventions: Drug: Ropivacaine
Drug: Normal Saline
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-02-15

Last Posted Date: 2014-06-11

Lead Sponsor: Loma Linda University

Target Recruit Count: 43

Registration Number: NCT00616603

Locations: 🇺🇸
Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States

Combination Chemotherapy Based on Risk of Relapse in Treating Young Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Asparaginase
Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: Etoposide
Drug: cyclophosphamide
Drug: Ifosfamide
Drug: cytarabine
Drug: daunorubicin
Drug: doxorubicin
Drug: mercaptopurine
Drug: Vindesine
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: prednisone
Drug: thioguanine
Drug: Vincristine

First Posted Date: 2008-02-13

Last Posted Date: 2015-01-14

Lead Sponsor: Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica

Target Recruit Count: 2039

Registration Number: NCT00613457

A Study for Patients With Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Non Small Cell Lung Cancer

Interventions: Drug: pemetrexed
Dietary Supplement: Folic Acid
Dietary Supplement: Vitamin B12
Drug: dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-02-07

Last Posted Date: 2010-12-28

Lead Sponsor: Eli Lilly and Company

Target Recruit Count: 111

Registration Number: NCT00609518

Locations: 🇪🇸
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician., Sevilla, Spain

Avastin, Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin and Streptozocin in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Pancreatic Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Avastin
Drug: Fluorouracil
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Streptozocin
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Ondansetron

First Posted Date: 2008-02-07

Last Posted Date: 2017-03-23

Lead Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Target Recruit Count: 1

Registration Number: NCT00609765

Locations: 🇺🇸
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States

Drug Development Updates

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