Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm

First Posted Date: 2008-02-06

Last Posted Date: 2011-05-17

Lead Sponsor: Mayo Clinic

Target Recruit Count: 63

Registration Number: NCT00609167

Locations: 🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
🇨🇦
Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Hypoglycemia Associated Autonomic Failure in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Not Applicable

Withdrawn

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes

Interventions: Drug: Fludrocortisone
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-02-06

Last Posted Date: 2014-12-11

Lead Sponsor: Vanderbilt University

Registration Number: NCT00608101

Cyclophosphamide, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (CLD) for Previously Treated Patients With AL Amyloidosis

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Amyloidosis

Interventions: Drug: cyclophosphamide
Drug: lenalidomide
Drug: dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-02-05

Last Posted Date: 2012-02-10

Lead Sponsor: Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia

Target Recruit Count: 21

Registration Number: NCT00607581

Locations: 🇮🇹
Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center - Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy

Phase 1b Multicenter Study of Carfilzomib With Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Lenalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-01-29

Last Posted Date: 2017-05-30

Lead Sponsor: Amgen

Target Recruit Count: 84

Registration Number: NCT00603447

Locations: 🇺🇸
Pacific Shores Medical Group, Long Beach, California, United States
🇺🇸
Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States

and more 9 locations

Multi-day Doses in Prevention of Nausea and Emesis

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Myeloma, Plasma-Cell
Lymphoma, Malignant

Interventions: Drug: Palonosetron
Drug: Aprepitant
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-01-25

Last Posted Date: 2017-03-09

Lead Sponsor: University of Kansas Medical Center

Target Recruit Count: 20

Registration Number: NCT00600353

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States

A Study Of IV Casopitant For The Prevention Of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea And Vomiting.

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Nausea and Vomiting, Chemotherapy-Induced

Interventions: Drug: Casopitant
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Placebo
Drug: Ondansetron

First Posted Date: 2008-01-25

Last Posted Date: 2018-01-17

Lead Sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline

Target Recruit Count: 710

Registration Number: NCT00601172

Locations: 🇸🇰
GSK Investigational Site, Poprad, Slovakia

Bortezomib, Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, and Etoposide, With or Without Rituximab, in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory AIDS-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Lymphoma

Interventions: Biological: rituximab
Drug: bortezomib
Drug: carboplatin
Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: etoposide
Drug: ifosfamide
Genetic: polymerase chain reaction
Genetic: western blotting

First Posted Date: 2008-01-18

Last Posted Date: 2020-08-10

Lead Sponsor: AIDS Malignancy Consortium

Target Recruit Count: 23

Registration Number: NCT00598169

Locations: 🇺🇸
Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
🇺🇸
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
🇺🇸
UCLA Clinical AIDS Research and Education (CARE) Center, Los Angeles, California, United States

and more 14 locations

Using Dexamethasone After Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Pain

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2008-01-02

Last Posted Date: 2012-02-02

Lead Sponsor: University of Oklahoma

Target Recruit Count: 15

Registration Number: NCT00584168

Locations: 🇺🇸
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
🇺🇸
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States