Impact of a Health Belief Model-Based Educational Intervention on Skin Cancer Protective Behaviors Among Female Healthcare Workers
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 160
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Changes in Skin Cancer Protective Behaviors
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this clinical trial is to assess whether an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) can effectively improve skin cancer protective behaviors, knowledge, and related health beliefs among female healthcare workers in Ahvaz, Iran. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does the HBM-based educational program increase participants' knowledge about skin cancer, its risk factors, and preventive measures?
- Does the intervention improve key HBM constructs such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action, leading to enhanced protective behaviors against skin cancer?
Researchers will compare an intervention group receiving a multicomponent educational program-including seven 45-minute sessions delivered both in-person and via WhatsApp-tailored to HBM constructs, with a comparison group receiving no intervention, to determine the intervention's effectiveness.
Participants will:
- Attend structured educational sessions covering skin cancer symptoms, risks, prevention strategies, behavioral barriers, motivation, and self-efficacy enhancement, using multimedia tools and group discussions
- Receive reminder messages and educational materials to facilitate behavior change
- Complete validated questionnaires assessing knowledge, HBM constructs, and protective behaviors before the intervention and two months afterwards
This study will evaluate if implementing a theory-driven, blended educational intervention can successfully promote protective behaviors and health beliefs related to skin cancer prevention among female healthcare workers.
详细描述
This clinical trial study was conducted from 2022 to 2023 in health centers of Ahvaz, Iran, to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) in promoting skin cancer protective behaviors among female healthcare workers (HCWs). The study employed a two-group parallel design, randomly allocating 160 participants into an intervention group (n=54) and a comparison group (n=106). Eligible participants included female HCWs employed in the selected centers, with smartphone access and the ability to engage with digital educational content.
The educational program was developed according to HBM constructs, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The intervention consisted of seven 45-minute sessions delivered over two months using a blended approach combining in-person workshops and WhatsApp-based virtual education. Teaching methods included lectures, multimedia presentations, group discussions, motivational messaging, and reminder posters strategically placed in the workplace.
The content was tailored based on baseline knowledge and behavioral assessments. Early sessions addressed skin cancer symptoms, risk factors, and complications to raise awareness and perceived risk. Subsequent sessions emphasized the advantages of protective behaviors, addressed and sought to reduce perceived barriers, and incorporated stress management and motivational techniques to enhance self-efficacy.
Data collection employed a validated researcher-designed questionnaire covering demographic variables, knowledge about skin cancer, HBM constructs, and adherence to UV protective behaviors. Assessments were performed at baseline and two months post-intervention.
Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests for categorical variables, and independent and paired t-tests to compare continuous variables within and between groups. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) controlled for confounding factors when evaluating intervention effects.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Employment at Ahvaz healthcare centers,
- •Absence of specific dermatological conditions,
- •Provision of informed consent,
- •Having a smartphone and knowing how to use it, and
- •Non-participation in concurrent similar educational interventions.
排除标准
- •Absence from more than two training sessions,
- •Physical limitations preventing further participation,
- •Incomplete or invalid questionnaire .
结局指标
主要结局
Changes in Skin Cancer Protective Behaviors
时间窗: Baseline (pre-intervention) and 2 months post-intervention.
Skin cancer protective behaviors among female healthcare workers were assessed using a validated, researcher-developed questionnaire. The instrument included multiple items evaluating behaviors such as applying sunscreen, wearing protective clothing (wide-brimmed hats, long-sleeved shirts, gloves), and using sunglasses. Responses were measured on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Never") to 5 ("Always"). Protective behaviors were expressed as the average score across items, with higher scores indicating more frequent and consistent engagement in skin cancer prevention practices.
次要结局
- Changes in Cognitive-Behavioral Constructs Related to Skin Cancer Prevention(Before and two months after the intervention)
研究者
Arash Salahshouri
Faculty member
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences