Estudio Prospectivo Aleatorizado Simple Ciego Sobre la Incidencia de Hernias Incisionales en Los Orificios de Los trócares de Laparoscopia: Cierre aponeurótico Superficial Frente a cicatrización aponeurótica Sin Cierre

This is a single-blind trial including all patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery performed by the same surgical team (5 surgeons) and for whom at least one "study trocar" (ST) id use. STs is define as blunt-tip trocars that are inserted blind, had a diameter of 11 mm or 12 mm, and are not enlarged during surgery. The investigators have not studied the Hasson trocar, as the defect it creates is surgeon-dependent and not uniform.

The investigators exclude patients presenting factors that affect the scarring process, such as malnutrition (serum proteins <5 g/dl), advanced cancer, perioperative hemodynamic instability, or prolonged treatment with corticosteroids. Orifices that are enlarged for specimen extraction are also excluded, although other orifices in the same patient are included.

The investigators exclude the following patients: those who are converted to open surgery, those who underwent a second intervention with an open technique during the early postoperative period, or those who are lost to follow-up. Patients who hace not an ST after surgery (mostly patients with only one ST that have to be enlarged for specimen extraction) are excluded from the trial.

The investigators randomize patients using a random table from Excel® for Windows XP®.

The trocars that the investigators use are Endopath Xcel (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Puerto Rico, USA), which are 11 mm and 12 mm in diameter.