Effectiveness of Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises on Quadriceps Muscle Thickness, Pain and Functional Performance in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome among Recreational Players

This research investigates the effectiveness of Open Kinetic Chain (OKC) and Closed Kinetic Chain (CKC) exercises on quadriceps muscle thickness, pain, and functional performance in recreational players with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS). PFPS is a common condition that leads to knee pain, particularly in athletes and active individuals, affecting their daily activities and performance. The study aims to fill the gap in existing literature by comparing the effects of OKC and CKC exercises, which are widely used in rehabilitation, on improving quadriceps function and alleviating symptoms in recreational athletes. The study will involve 75 participants, randomly assigned to three groups: OKC exercises, CKC exercises, and conventional therapy. The interventions will include exercises along with therapeutic ultrasound and McConnell taping. Outcome measures will include ultrasound imaging for muscle thickness, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) for pain and function, and the Triple Hop Test for functional performance. The results will be analyzed using ANOVA to determine the significant differences between the exercise groups. This study will provide valuable insights into the most effective rehabilitation strategies for managing PFPS in recreational players, helping to improve their muscle strength, reduce pain, and enhance functional capabilities.