A Large Scale Long-term Randomized Trial of Nutrition Labeling Interventions
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 1,065
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Likelihood of selecting a healthy beverage
研究概览
简要总结
The aim of this study is to compare the impact of 4 different types of front of package (FOP) food and beverage messages: 1) green labels on healthy foods, 2) red/yellow/green labels on less healthy/moderately healthy/healthy foods, 3) physical activity calorie equivalent labels, and 4) posters reminding consumers of the sweetened beverage tax on consumers' beverage and snack selections.
详细描述
This project involves a randomized field experiment. The investigators worked with the vending contractor for the City of Philadelphia to randomize vending machine locations (covering ~260 beverage and snack machines) to one of the four different message conditions: 1) single green traffic light labels (on healthy foods); 2) multiple traffic light labels (red traffic light labels applied to less healthy foods, yellow applied to moderately healthy foods, and green on healthy foods); 3) physical activity labels (calorie content displayed in terms of physical activity equivalents); 4) posters reminding consumers of the Philadelphia sweetened beverage tax and encouraging healthier choices. The City's vending machine contractors provided monthly aggregated sales data from each machine for analysis. Customer intercepts were also collected at the point of sale, after customers completed their purchase, to evaluate factors that moderate message influence. They were asked to answer questions about their perceptions of the different labels.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Any person aged 18 or older making a purchase from the vending machines included in this intervention will be asked to participate in this study.
排除标准
- •People who indicate they have already taken the survey are not eligible to take the survey again.
研究组 & 干预措施
Physical activity calorie equivalent labels
labels added to slots that display products' calorie content in terms of physical activity required to burn those calories and 1 poster per machine explaining the labels
干预措施: exposure to physical activity equivalents (Behavioral)
Green labels
green label added to healthy product slots; no additional labels shown for "less healthy" products and 1 poster per machine explaining the labels
干预措施: exposure to healthy labels only (Behavioral)
Traffic light labels
red/yellow/green labels added to slots for less healthy/moderately healthy/healthy products, respectively and 1 poster per machine explaining the labels
干预措施: exposure to healthiness information (Behavioral)
Sweetened beverage tax posters
1 poster per machine; no labels; posters reminded consumers of the Philadelphia sweetened beverage tax and encouraging healthier choices
干预措施: exposure to sweetened beverage tax messaging (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Likelihood of selecting a healthy beverage
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly beverages selected were healthy beverages (green labeled in the traffic light condition)
Likelihood of selecting a less healthy snack
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly snacks selected were less healthy snacks (red labeled in the traffic light condition)
Calories sold from snacks per month
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is calories in snacks sold per month.
Percentage of beverages sold with calories per month
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly beverages selected that had calories
Calories sold from beverages per month, if beverages with calories sold
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is calories in beverages sold per month - only for beverages with calories.
Likelihood of selecting a moderately healthy beverage
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly beverages selected were moderately healthy beverages (yellow labeled in the traffic light condition)
Likelihood of selecting a less healthy beverage
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly beverages selected were less healthy beverages (red labeled in the traffic light condition)
Likelihood of selecting a healthy snack
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly snacks selected were healthy snacks (green labeled in the traffic light condition)
Likelihood of selecting a moderately healthy snack
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is percentage of monthly snacks selected were moderately healthy snacks (yellow labeled in the traffic light condition)
Total beverage units sold per month per machine.
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is number of monthly beverages sold per machine
Total snack units sold per month per machine
时间窗: Every month, for 13 months
Outcome is number of monthly snacks sold per machine
次要结局
- Total calories sold per customer trip(5-minute survey)
- Total revenue per month per beverage machine(Every month, for 13 months)
- Total revenue per month per snack machine(Every month, for 13 months)