Associations Between Serum Lipids and Mannose Levels in Coronary Artery Disease Among Nondiabetic Patients

Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as coronary heart disease (CHD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD), entails a decrease of blood flow to the heart muscle as a result of plaque build-up in the arteries of the heart. CAD are among the world's leading causes of mortality and morbidity, following rapid change and advancement of cardiovascular diagnosis and treatment methods.

The broad range of lipid molecular species in human plasma and their possible role in human health and disease are topics of great interest. Plasma lipidome is now progressively recognized as a potentially important marker of chronic diseases, but the exact degree of its contribution to the interindividual phenotypic variation in family studies is uncertain .

Associative evidence gathered from plasma lipidomic studies promises vital contributions to biomarker research-an important cornerstone of ongoing efforts to prevent chronic disease. The plasma lipidomic profile of humans is associated with various conditions including obesity and disorders of glucose metabolism, hypertension , cardiovascular diseases.

Plasma lipids are solubilized and distributed by associating them with different protein groups. Most free fatty acids and associated structures with carboxyl functional groups interact with albumin, while more complex lipids are transported and distributed using plasma lipoproteins.

Glycerolipids account for a high proportion of total lipids in plasma and include triacylglycerols (TAGs), diacylglycerols (DAGs), and ether-linked glycerolipids. The total plasma concentration of TAGs, allocated between chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), depends on food intake. It is well known that various acquired or secondary risk factors (including genetic determinants, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle) can cause hypertriglyceridemia, a prevalent type of dyslipidemia that is often associated with premature coronary artery disease.