Assessment of the Acute Effect of Cycling Practice in Lumbar and Thigh Muscles

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Musculoskeletal Pain
Muscle Fatigue
Muscle Tightness
Physical Endurance

Interventions: Other: 3 hours Road Cycling Time Trial
Other: 3 hours Mountain Biking Time Trial

Brief Summary: Introduction: Cycling represents a very important level of practice, being among the most practiced sports in Spain. As in any other sport discipline, its practice is associated with the appearance of overloads and sports injuries. Specifically, the 2 most affected areas are the lumbar and knee areas, with an annual prevalence of 58% and 36%, respectively. There is no clear hypothesis to explain the low back pain associated with the practice of cycling, but several authors agree that it may be due to holding an inverted posture of the rachis and the characteristics associated with this sport: long duration, static posture, high intensities, vibrations generated by the terrain, and so forth. The project proposes to analyze the acute effect of a long-lasting bicycle trip (3 hours) on the muscles involved in low back and knee pain, see, lumbar paravertebral, quadriceps and hamstrings, by means of tensiomyography (TMG).

Objectives: the main objective of this study is to evaluate the behavior of the mechanical characteristics of the lower back and thigh muscles, by means of tensiomyography, in amateur cyclists after an acute effort on road and mountain bikes, and to study their possible relationship with low back pain (LBP).

Detailed Description: A crossover randomized controlled trial. The participation in the study requires only 2 assistances to the data takings that will be developed in the training laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of Physical Activity and Sport of the European University. 40 amateur cyclists will be randomly assigned to carry out each (2) conditions of intervention: a road bike time trial (CA) and a mountain bike time trial (MT) separated by 7 days washout. \*Randomization marks the order in which participants are subjected to an intervention condition or other.

These sessions will begin with an initial assessment, which will be carried out: an anthropometric assessment (height and weight), followed to an evaluation of the tensiomyographic variable maximal radial displacement (Dm) over the thigh muscles: vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and erector spinae (EE) at the lumbar level, before and after an acute effort (\> 3 hours) in CA and MT bicycle. Respect to pain assessment, it will be measured the intensity pain perception on the lumbar region (LBPP) by using a 0 to 10 numeric pain-rating scale; the pressure pain threshold (PPT) with a manual mechanical algometer; and the functional disability caused by LBP through the Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Be a man
Aged between 18 and 55 years.
Minimum experience in the practice of cycling over 3 years
Accumulate at least 200 hours of training each year.
Not having received specific treatment in the musculature evaluated in the last 4 weeks, or being subjected to any treatment at present.
No pathology diagnosed in the anatomical regions interested in the study (lumbar, thigh, hip or knee).
Sign the informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Mountain Biking first, then Road Cycling	3 hours Mountain Biking Time Trial	First Intervention (3 hours: Mountain Biking), followed by a 7 days washout, and the second Intervention (3 hours: Road cycling).
Mountain Biking first, then Road Cycling	3 hours Road Cycling Time Trial	First Intervention (3 hours: Mountain Biking), followed by a 7 days washout, and the second Intervention (3 hours: Road cycling).
Road Cycling first, then Mountain Biking	3 hours Road Cycling Time Trial	First Intervention (3 hours: Road cycling), followed by a 7 days washout, and the second Intervention (3 hours: Mountain Biking).
Road Cycling first, then Mountain Biking	3 hours Mountain Biking Time Trial	First Intervention (3 hours: Road cycling), followed by a 7 days washout, and the second Intervention (3 hours: Mountain Biking).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Maximal Radial Displacement (Dm)	Baseline and after 3 hours	The variable Dm is given by the radial displacement of the muscular belly in a transverse plane, expressed in milimeters (mm) and depends on muscle tone or stiffness. A low Dm is related to a high muscle tone or an excess of stiffness, while a high Dm value indicates a lack of muscle tone or stiffness defect.
Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT)	Baseline and after 3 hours	Measured from 0 to 10kg/cm2 with a manual mechanical algometer (FDK/FDN, Wagner Instruments, 1217 Greenwich, CT 06836), which has bilaterally shown an excellent reliability, reproducibility, and sensitivity on the lumbar erector spinae muscles.
Low Back Pain Perception (LBPP)	Change between Baseline and 3 hours	This variable records the intensity pain perceived on the lumbar region (LBPP) by using a 0 to 10 numeric pain-rating scale (NPRS). This is an 11-point scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). The LBPP was measured before and after completing each time trial.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ)	Baseline	The functional disability caused by LBP through the Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ). The score ranges from 0 to 24, with 0 indicating no disability and 24 maximum disability.