TRACER RGD-K5 Carotid Plaque Imaging Study

Phase 2

Terminated

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate the ability of the compound\[F-18\]RGD-K5, when used as a tracer during PET (positron emission tomography) imaging, to detect regions of unstable atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery of subjects being considered for carotid endarterectomy (CEA),and to confirm this ability through histological studies of samples of carotid artery plaques that will be collected during the planned carotid surgery.

Detailed Description: Patients will be chosen for the study based on presence of carotid artery stenosis ascertained by CTA and carotid artery ultrasound. Patients will receive and intravenous injection of the radiolabeled PET tracer,\[F-18\]RGD-K5, and will undergo PET imaging of their carotid arteries bilaterally. PET images will be analyzed to determine the standard uptake value (SUV) of \[F-18\]RGD-K5 uptake by the carotid artery plaque and this will be compared to the SUV of the background (blood pool in the aorta). This will be expressed as a target to background ratio (TBR). Investigators expect to find a significant uptake of \[F-18\]RGD-K5 by carotid artery palque and investigators therefore expect to find a TBR that is significantly \>1. Investigators also expect to find that plaque from patients who show a TBR \>1 will also be enriched for histologic markers for inflammation and angiogenesis.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Participant is a female or male of any race/ethnicity >18 years old at the time of the investigational product administration
Participant or participant's legally acceptable representative provides written informed consent
Participant is capable of complying with study procedures
Participant has known carotid artery stenosis of >50% luminal diameter based on carotid ultrasound or computed tomography angiography (CTA), as stated in official clinical report or as measured by PI if no quantitative assessment appears in the report, and who is deemed to be a surgical candidate for endarterectomy
Participant has had a carotid ultrasound and/or computed tomography angiography (CTA) and the report is available for collection
Participant has had or is scheduled to have a carotid CT angiogram for plaque localization within 60 days of signing ICF (or else scheduled CTA must be performed on a separate day and prior to the investigational PET procedure)
Participant has consented to have an endarterectomy
Participant will be scheduled for an investigational[F-18]RGD-K5 PET/CT scan within 4 weeks prior to endarterectomy
Participant must have renal functions values as defined by laboratory results within the following ranges:
- Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): ≥ 45mL/min

Exclusion Criteria

Female participant is nursing
Female participant is pregnant
Participant has been involved in an investigative, radioactive research procedure within the past 14 days
Participant has any other condition or personal circumstance that, in the judgment of the investigator, might interfere with the collection of complete data or data quality
Participant has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, lab abnormality that, in the opinion of the study investigator or treating physicians might confound the results of the study or poses an additional risk to the participants by their participation in the study

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
PET imaging with [F-18] RDG-K5	[F-18] RDG-K5	This is an observational study of a group of individuals who all have carotid artery stenosis. The observation will be the measurement of \[F-18\]RGD-K5 uptake by the carotid artery plaque after intravenous administration of this radiolabeled tracer using PET imaging.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Target to Background Ratio (TBR)	Baseline	To assess uptake of \[F-18\]RGD-K5 by carotid plaque with PET/CT imaging (which will be expressed as a target to background ratio (TBR) of the standard uptake value (SUV)) in participants prior to carotid endarterectomy. The TBR of \[F-18\]RGD-K5 in the plaque will serve as a surrogate marker of plaque inflammation in participants being considered for carotid endarterectomy.

Secondary Outcome Measures