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Effects of a Health Intervention on Hypoglycemic Coping : a Pilot Study

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Hypoglycemia
Health Education
Registration Number
NCT06384118
Lead Sponsor
Yating Liu
Brief Summary

From August 2023 to January 2024, 100 patients with type 2 diabetes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from the endocrinology department of The purpose of this study was to construct a hypoglycemia coping intervention program for type 2 diabetic patients based on the IMB theory and to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and initial effects of the program.

Detailed Description

In this study, eligible participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into an intervention group (health education based on IMB theory given on top of regular diabetes health education) and a control group (regular diabetes health education), with a 4-week intervention period and a 8-week follow-up period, for a total of 12 weeks.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients who meet the 2018 ADA medical standards for Diabetes diagnosis and treatment, are diagnosed with T2DM and use insulin or sulfonylurea drugs;
  • Duration of diabetes mellitus ≥1 year
  • Age ≥18 years old;
  • A history of hypoglycemia in the past 6 months;
  • Type 2 diabetes patients with hypoglycemia coping style questionnaire inclination, avoidance, compromise;
  • Good communication and language skills;
  • Have a smartphone and can use it;
  • Voluntary participation in this study.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients with type 1 diabetes;
  • Patients with type 2 diabetes combined with serious complications;
  • Patients who have recently or are participating in other similar studies.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The hypoglycemic coping styleBaseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks post-intervention

The scale consists of 16 entries in 3 dimensions, which in this study are confrontation (entries 1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 15), avoidance (entries 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16), and submission (entries 3, 4, 9, 14), and each of the entries is rated on a Likert's 5 scale ranging from 0-4, with higher scores on the dimensions indicating a greater tendency toward this type of coping, and the scale's total Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.821.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Hypoglycemia fear worryBaseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks post-intervention

Hypoglycemia fear survey-worry scale (HFS-WS) was used to assess the patients' feelings about hypoglycemia in the past six months. The scale has 13 entries, and adopts Likert's 5-point scale, with scores ranging from 0-4 from the lowest to the highest, and the total score ranging from 0 to 52, with the higher the score, the more fearful the patients are about hypoglycemia.

Level of diabetes knowledgeBaseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks post-intervention

The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.909, and the factor rotation analysis extracted six main factors explaining basic knowledge , dietary knowledge, exercise knowledge, self-monitoring knowledge, medication knowledge and complication knowledge. The variance explained by individual factors was above 7%, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 69.004%, indicating that the questionnaire had good internal consistency. The evaluation standard of the questionnaire was 1 point for a correct answer, 0 point for an incorrect or unclear answer, and the cumulative score of the 34 items was added to the total knowledge score, and the higher the score, the more knowledge about diabetes mellitus was acquired.

hypoglycemic fear behavioralBaseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks post-intervention

Hypoglycemia fear-behavior scale (HFS-BS) consists of 19 entries and is scored on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 to 5, with total scores ranging from 15 to 95, with the higher scores indicating that the patients' hypoglycemia fear-behavior is more pronounced, and the higher the level of fear of hypoglycemia. The higher the score, the more obvious the change in the patient's hypoglycemic fear behavior and the higher the degree of hypoglycemic fear.

Level of health information access behaviorBaseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks post-intervention

The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.866, and a Likert 5-point scale was used, and a standardized score of the scale score (Index Score=(actual total score/possible highest score)\*100%) of greater than 50% was considered moderately high. Higher scores represent higher levels of health information acquisition behavior.

Level of health beliefsBaseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks post-intervention

The questionnaire consisted of 20 items in 5 latitudes, mainly for the necessity of diabetes treatment, benefits, harms, hazards of diabetes, and motivation to maintain the health of the organism, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.89, and the questionnaire was scored on a 5-point Likert scale, with 8 to 14 being inverse scores, and the higher the total score indicated that the patient's beliefs about health were stronger.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Ya ting Liu

🇨🇳

Yangzhou, 未选择, China

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