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Intra Dialytic Parenteral Nutrition and Nutritional Gap Nutritional Gap Identified by Indirect Calorimetry

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Protein Energy Wasting
Chronic Kidney Diseases
Interventions
Device: Indirect Calorimetry
Device: Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Other: Nutritional assessments
Registration Number
NCT05568914
Lead Sponsor
Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel
Brief Summary

Renal failure is a relevant condition as the incidence of patients treated with intermittent dialysis continues to grow each year. One of the strongest predictors of mortality in these patients is Protein-Energy Wasting (PEW). Optimal nutritional support, combined with physical exercise may be able to improve the physical condition objectified as muscle wasting and weakness. Correct nutritional support must aim to supplement the correct combination of protein and caloric needs. Although no other way exist than predicting formula to assess protein need, predicting formula don't seem to capture the individual caloric need of the patients. The gold standard to assess caloric need by measuring Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) is indirect calorimetry. Even when caloric and protein targets are defined, intake remains a challenge because of intake restriction in dietary patterns. This is why intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) can play an crucial role for closing the nutritional gap. Whether IDPN guided by indirect calorimetric measurements of metabolism can close the gap when oral intake fails, remains an unanswered question.

Detailed Description

Renal failure is a relevant condition as the incidence of patients treated with renal replacement therapy and specifically intermittent dialysis, continues to grow each year. In 2021 up to 4845 patients required intermittent dialysis in Flanders, Belgium. Weight loss and homeostatic disturbances of energy and protein balances are often present in Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).The international society of renal nutrition and metabolism defines Protein-Energy Wasting (PEW) as the state of nutritional and metabolic disorders in patients with CKD and ESRD, characterized by simultaneous loss of systemic body protein and energy stores. PEW is one of the strongest predictors of mortality in CKD patients. Up tot 54% of adults undergoing chronic intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) suffer from PEW due to a combination of the disease and therapy. Adequate nutritional therapy can reverse the negative impact of PEW. Optimal nutritional support, next to physical exercise may be able to improve the physical condition objectified as muscle wasting and weakness. Correct nutritional support must aim to supplement the correct combination of protein and caloric after assessing the needs and intake of different nutrients. Although no other way exist than predicting formula to assess protein need, predicting formula don't seem to capture the individual caloric need of the patients. The gold standard to assess caloric need by measuring Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) is indirect calorimetry. This technique measures the individual VCO2 and VO2 and after integrating it into the Weir equation it calculates REE. Even when caloric and protein target are defined, intake remains a challenge because of intake restriction in dietary patterns. This is why intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) can play an crucial role for closing the nutritional gap. In clinical practice, in 38% of dialysis patients, IDPN is used. The most common IDPN were triple phase bags. Whether IDPN guided by indirect calorimetric measurements of metabolism can close the gap when oral intake fails, remains an unanswered question.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patient on intermittent hemodialysis
  • Protein-Energy Wasting defined as 5% within 3 months or 10% within 6 months (not due to water loss, established at the discretion of the treating physician)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Pregnancy
  • Contra-indications for the use of indirect calorimetry as stated by the AARC (oxygen therapy for COPD,...)
  • Metabolic diseases

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
AssessmentsNutritional assessmentsIn this single-arm trial, each participant undergoes the following measurements/assessments: Physical: Body weight (before and after dialysis), length Biophysical: NRS2002, GLIM, Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis Metabolic: Indirect Calorimetry Nutritional: dietary anamnesis, 3-days nutritional diary
AssessmentsIndirect CalorimetryIn this single-arm trial, each participant undergoes the following measurements/assessments: Physical: Body weight (before and after dialysis), length Biophysical: NRS2002, GLIM, Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis Metabolic: Indirect Calorimetry Nutritional: dietary anamnesis, 3-days nutritional diary
AssessmentsBio-electrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)In this single-arm trial, each participant undergoes the following measurements/assessments: Physical: Body weight (before and after dialysis), length Biophysical: NRS2002, GLIM, Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis Metabolic: Indirect Calorimetry Nutritional: dietary anamnesis, 3-days nutritional diary
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Caloric adequacyPre-dialysis

caloric intake (kcal/day) and caloric need (kcal/day) (see secondary outcomes) will be combined to report caloric adequacy according to this equation: \[sum of percentage of caloric intake/caloric need\]/total of evaluable nutrition days (%)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Mean caloric intakepre-dialysis

(kcal/day) from nutritional assessments (3-day nutritional diary and nutritional anamnesis

Protein adequacyPre-dialysis

protein intake (from nutritional assessments)/protein need (%)

Fat Free Mass (FFM)20-30 minutes after dialysis

measured by Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) (kg and %);

Fat Mass (FM)20-30 minutes after dialysis

measured by Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) (kg and %);

Caloric needpre-dialysis

(kcal/day): Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) measured by Indirect Calorimetry (IC)

Compatibility between the caloric gap and PN ready to use formulae on the marketthrough study completion or one year, whichever is sooner

Comparison between individual caloric need of patients and ready to use PN formulae (PeriOlimel N4E (Baxter), Olimel N5E (Baxter), Olimel N7E (Baxter), Olimel N9/N9E (Baxter), Olimel N12/N12E (Baxter), SMOFKabiven Ex-tra Amino (Fresenius), SMOFKabiven peripheral (Fresenius), SMOFKabiven Peri Low Osmo (Fresenius), SMOFKabiven E/EF (Frese-nius), Omegomel Peri (Baxter), Nutriflex Omega Special (B Braun); based on caloric content per bag of PN on the market (Unit of measurement: portion of PN bag (%) needed to close the caloric gap)

Phase angle20-30 minutes after dialysis

measured by Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) (kg and %);

Body weightbefore and after hemodialysis

Body weight (kg)

Barriers for patients for use of IDPNpre-dialysis

"would you agree to IDPN if your health condition required it? Please elaborate"

Mean protein intakepre-dialysis

g/day): from nutritional assessments (3-day nutritional diary and nutritional anamnesis

Barriers for dialysis nurses and nephrologists for use of IDPNthroughout the duration of the trial

"Are logistical and practical barriers holding you back from prescribing or administering IDPV? Please elaborate."

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel

🇧🇪

Jette, Brussel, Belgium

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