Protein supplementation to augment the training adaptations to endurance-type exercise training.

Conditions: inspanningscapaciteit
muscle function
oxidative capacity

Registration Number: NL-OMON45348

Lead Sponsor: Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Pending

Sex: Not specified

Target Recruitment: 60

Inclusion Criteria

Male
Age between 18 and 40 years of age
BMI between 18 * 30 kg/m2
Untrained or recreationally active (i.e. performing sports on a non-competitive basis for a maximal duration of 6 hours per week).
VO2max *50 ml/kg/min
Willing to give blood samples
Able to be present at required test days
Able to perform three exercise sessions weekly for 12 weeks

Exclusion Criteria

Blood donation during the study period
Lactose intolerance and/or dairy protein allergy
Consumption of >21 alcoholic beverages per week
Use of illicit drugs
Use of antibiotics in the past month
Medical condition that can interfere with the study outcome (i.e. cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, orthopedic disorders, renal disease, liver disease, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory disease, cognitive impairment)
Use of medications known to interfere with selected outcome measures (i.e. statins, fenofibrate, beta-blocker, corticosteroids)
(Chronic) injuries of the locomotor system that can interfere with the intervention
Current participation in other biomedical research study.

Study & Design

Study Type: Interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max): VO2max will be assessed by indirect<br /><br>calorimetry during an incremental exercise prototocol on a cycling ergometer<br /><br>(indirect calorimetry).</p><br>

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>Exercise performance: Exercise performance will be assessed by a 10 km time<br /><br>trial.<br /><br><br /><br>Muscle function: Maximal strength and muscular endurance will be assessed by<br /><br>isokinetic dynamometry.<br /><br><br /><br>Body composition: Whole body and regional body composition will be assessed by<br /><br>a DXA scan and by skinfold measurements according to ISAK standards<br /><br>(International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry).<br /><br><br /><br>Hematological and biochemical variables (blood): complete blood count,<br /><br>ferritin, CRP, and markers of bone and joint health.<br /><br><br /><br>Mitochondrial function: Mitochondrial function will be assessed in peripheral<br /><br>blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)</p><br>