HIIT and MICT on Nitric Oxide-mediated Erythrocyte Rheology

Not Applicable

• Conditions: Interval Training; Exercise
• Interventions: Behavioral: High intensity-interval training (HIIT); Behavioral: Moderate intensity-continuous (MICT)

• Registration Number: NCT04823429
• Lead Sponsor: Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

Brief Summary

Erythrocyte rheological properties affect blood viscoelasticity and consequently regulate vascular resistance to flow shear force, whereas rheological impairments of erythrocytes may result in circulatory disorders. The aim of this study was to establish an effective exercise strategy for improving individual aerobic capacity and for simultaneously ameliorating the risk of hemorheological dysfunction evoked by a graded exercise test (GXT) and the hypotheses is exercise intervention will improved hemorheological functions by enhancing deformability of erythrocytes via NO-mediated mechanism. This study included 60 healthy sedentary mens (age 20\~30) from Chang Gung university than were randomized into the HIIT \[3-min intervals at 40% and 80% V̇O2 reserve (V̇O2R),n=10\] and MICT(sustained 60% V̇O2R,n=10)on a bicycle ergometer for 30min·d-1, 5 d·wk-1 for 6 wk.

Detailed Description

Recently, the role of erythrocyte has been more emphasized, which also related with endothelial cell. For coronary artery patients, the endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in red blood cell (RBC-eNOS activity) is lower than age-matched health people, and it is related with dysfunction of endothelial cell. In cardiovascular diseases. the erythrocyte arginase-1 is active and seize L-arginine with eNOS. When the Arg-1 stimulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), the nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity decrease and produce more ROS, meanwhile, ROS can go around to stimulate Arg-1. When the RBC-NO production is lowering, it will increase the adhesion activity to endothelial cell due to erythrocyte can be quite close to blood vessel well then release Nitric Oxide, induce the dysfunction and oxidative pressure of endothelial cell. The NO can also regulate the deformability of erythrocytes, and extremely affect oxygen supply to tissue once the deformability and aggregation of erythrocyte become abnormal. Besides NO, the deformability will be affected if erythrocyte is continuously exposed to the endogenous or exogenous ROS, which also increase adhesion to endothelial cell with the exposure of phosphatidylserine. Exercise can regulate the mechanism of NO release from erythrocyte, affecting the rheology of erythrocyte, and improve the anti-oxidation ability. Therefore, as mentioned above which make erythrocyte, as many aspects, become an important role on atherosclerosis disease treatment.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2021-02-26
• Status Verified: 2021-03
• Study Start: 2021-03-05
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-03-26
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-03-26
• Study First Posted: 2021-03-30
• Last Update Posted: 2021-03-30
• Primary Completion: 2021-09-04
• Study Completion: 2021-09-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: Male
• Target Recruitment: 60

Inclusion Criteria

• Having a sedentary lifestyle (without regular exercise, exercise frequency ≤ once weekly, duration < 20 min).

Exclusion Criteria

• Exposed to high altitudes (> 3000 m) for at least 1 year.
• Smoker
• Taking medications or vitamins
• Having any cardiopulmonary/hematological risk.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
High intensity-interval training (HIIT)	High intensity-interval training (HIIT)	Subjects performed HIIT (3-min intervals at 40% and 80%VO2peak) on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks.
Moderate intensity-continuous (MICT)	Moderate intensity-continuous (MICT)	Subjects performed MICT (sustained 60%VO 2max) on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Intracellular NO production response to exercise training.	8 weeks	Added different inhibitors or agonists to investigate the effects of exercise training on NO production mediated by eNOS-NO pathway.
Intracellular ROS production response to exercise training.	8 weeks	Added different inhibitors or agonists to investigate the effects of exercise training on ROS production mediated by eNOS-NO pathway.
The levels of eNOS, p-eNOS and Band-3 response to exercise training.	8 weeks	Detect the following protein levels: eNOS, p-eNOS and Band-3, by the western blots.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Erythrocyte deformability	8 weeks	Isolated erythrocyte first, then assess erythrocyte deformability (elongation index ) by using laser assisted optical rotational red cell analyzer (LoRRca).
Cardiopulmonary fitness	8 weeks	To assess cardiopulmonary fitness, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a cycle ergometer was performed 4 days before and after the intervention. All subjects underwent exercise with a mask to measured oxygen consumption (VO2) breath by breath using a computer-based system.
Determination of erythrocyte biological markers by Flow Cytometry	8 weeks	Using the Flow Cytometry to detect the following markers: CD242, CD239, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) and Arginase 1 (Arg1).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Chang Gung University; 🇨🇳 Taoyuan, Taiwan