MedPath

Role of Anti-C1q Autoantibodies in Pregnancy

Recruiting
Conditions
Pre-Eclampsia
Interventions
Other: Blood sampling
Registration Number
NCT06317467
Lead Sponsor
IRCCS Burlo Garofolo
Brief Summary

Preeclampsia (PE) is a very frequent obstetric complication. C1q, the first recognition molecule of the classical pathway of complement system (C), represents a double-edged molecule in determining pregnancy outcomes. In animal models, C1q deficiency caused the development of a dysfunctional placenta and PE-like symptoms. Conversely, lower levels of C components were detected in the sera of patients with PE due to C consumption and increased deposition of activated C components in the placenta, as well as to the binding to placental apoptotic bodies, syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STBM) and debris which are increased in the circulation of patients with PE.

C1q is a hexameric glycoprotein of 460kDa composed by six copies of three polypeptide chains A, B and C, each made by a C-terminal globular head (gC1q) and a N-terminal collagen-like region (CLR). This molecule can be the target of an antibody response. Autoantibodies targeting C1q were first recognized in the serum of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients. The presence of anti-C1q autoantibodies was also detected in patient affected by autoimmune disease (ie, kidney disorders, vasculitis, thyroiditis). Almost all of these autoimmune disorders are associated with an increased risk of developing PE during pregnancy.

Anti-C1q detection mainly concerns the prediction of the onset of lupus nephritis (LN) in SLE patients. Although anti-C1q autoantibodies do not deplete circulating C1q, their presence in maternal circulation and in placenta may trigger improper C activation and impair C1q activity. In pregnancies complicated by autoimmune affection such as SLE, autoimmune thyroid disorders and Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) the prevalence of anti-C1q appeared to be higher than in control pregnancies and associated with miscarriage. High levels of anti-C1q have been found in a group of Japanese patients suffering recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). In a group of anti-C1q positive healthy pregnancies and LN patients was assessed whether C1q autoantigenic behaviour could vary among individuals with or without correlated manifestation. Sera from healthy pregnancies and LN patients were screened for the presence of autoantibodies against the CLR fragment and/or the gC1q: antibodies against gC1q were found in both groups, whereas anti-CLR were only detected in the LN one, suggesting that only the latter may have a pathogenic role. Despite this, the biological functions of anti-C1q remain far from clear

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
54
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Patients diagnosed for PEBlood samplinghypertension arisen suddenly after the 20th week of pregnancy with associated proteinuria, greater than or equal to 300 mg/24 hours often corresponding to 30 mg/dL (1+) on a single sample
Women affected by SLE, APS, or autoimmune thyroiditisBlood samplingPatients attending the medically assisted procreation department or the Department of Rheumatology, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Women with physiological pregnanciesBlood samplingControl group
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Between groups difference in percentage of anti-gC1q compared to the total anti-C1q autoantibodies40-50 days after delivery.
Between groups difference in percentage of anti-cC1q compared to the total anti-C1q autoantibodies40-50 days after delivery.
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo"

🇮🇹

Trieste, Italy

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath