Substance Misuse To Psychiatric Disorders for Etomidate -Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for People With Etomidate Addiction: a 6-month, Double-blind, Randomized, Sham-controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change in etomidate craving
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if high-frequency rTMS works to treat etomidate addiction in adults. It will also learn about the safety and tolerability of rTMS. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does active rTMS reduce craving, amount of etomidate use, frequency of etomidate use, and severity of etomidate use disorder?
- Does active rTMS improve cognitive biases related to delayed reward discounting and risk sensitivity?
- What side-effects do participants have when receiving rTMS?
Researchers will compare active rTMS to sham rTMS to see if active rTMS works to treat etomidate addiction.
Participants will:
- Receive active rTMS or sham rTMS over 4 weeks
- Complete 20 rTMS sessions in total
- Visit the clinic for treatment sessions and follow-up assessments
- Complete assessments of etomidate use, craving, withdrawal symptoms, mood symptoms, cognition, and decision-making
Attend follow-up assessments up to 6 months after baseline
详细描述
This is a 6-month, double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled pilot clinical trial evaluating high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for people with etomidate addiction. Etomidate misuse has become an emerging public health concern, but there is currently no established treatment specifically for etomidate addiction. This study will examine whether active rTMS delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can reduce etomidate craving, use, and dependence severity compared with sham rTMS.
The study will enroll 40 participants with etomidate use disorder. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either active rTMS or sham rTMS. Both participants and outcome assessors will be blinded to treatment allocation. The intervention consists of 20 rTMS sessions delivered over 4 weeks, followed by an observation maintenance phase with follow-up assessments up to 6 months from baseline.
The study will assess changes in etomidate use, craving, withdrawal symptoms, dependence severity, anxiety, depression, global cognition, psychomotor speed, and cognitive biases related to delayed reward discounting and risk sensitivity. These assessments will help determine whether rTMS may be a feasible and potentially effective intervention for etomidate addiction and related decision-making processes.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 45 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Able to read and communicate in English and/or Chinese
- •Able to give informed consent and/or able to provide an informed consent from the legal guardian (if applicable)
- •Using etomidate and/or its related analogues as the primary psychoactive substance of abuse
- •Suffering from etomidate addiction as defined by:
- •Etomidate Use Disorder classified under "Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic Use Disorder" according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR) with severity ≥ 1, or
- •Harmful Use or Dependence for etomidate classified under "Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of sedatives or hypnotics" according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10), or
- •Hazardous use, harmful use or dependence classified under "Hazardous use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics" or "Disorders due to use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics" according to the Clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) mental, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
排除标准
- •Age < 18 years old
- •Unable to read English or Chinese
- •Unable to give informed consent
- •Had been diagnosed with the following disorders including:
- •1. Neurodevelopmental Disorders:
- •DSM-5: Intellectual Disabilities, Communication Disorders, Specific Learning Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Motor Disorders
- •International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 11th Revision (ICD-11): Disorders of intellectual development (6A00), Developmental speech or language disorders (6A01), Autism spectrum disorder (6A02), Developmental learning disorder (6A03), Developmental motor coordination disorder (6A04), Stereotyped movement disorder (6A06), Primary tics or tic disorders (8A05.0)
- •Other DSM-5 defined Substance Use Disorder greater than moderate in severity (i.e., severity score ≥4)
- •Neurocognitive Disorders (DSM-5, or ICD-11 6D70-72 & 6D80-86)
- •Contra-indicated to undergo rTMS:
- •with electronic and/or magnetic implants (e.g., pacemaker, implantable cardioverter defibrillator [ICD], cerebral shunts, cochlear implant, etc.)
- •with metallic or mechanic fragments (e.g., screws, plates, stents, clips, etc.)
- •with any known or history of neurological conditions including cerebral vascular accidents (CVA), epilepsy, brain tumor or space occupying lesion, etc.
- •poorly controlled or unstable diabetes mellitus
- •receiving unstable dose(s) of antipsychotics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines and/or anticonvulsants in the past 3 months
结局指标
主要结局
Change in etomidate craving
时间窗: Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6
Change in craving measured by the Craving Automated Scale-Substance from baseline to follow-up. Higher scores indicate stronger craving.
Change in etomidate withdrawal symptoms
时间窗: Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6
Change in withdrawal symptoms measured by the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Benzodiazepines from baseline to follow-up.
Change in amount of etomidate use
时间窗: Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6
Change in the amount of etomidate use over the past 30 days measured by the Beat Drugs Fund Evaluation Question Set No. 5 and substance use interview from baseline to follow-up.
Change in frequency of etomidate use
时间窗: Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6
Change in the frequency of etomidate use over the past 30 days measured by the Beat Drugs Fund Evaluation Question Set No. 5 and substance use interview from baseline to follow-up.
Change in severity of dependence
时间窗: Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6
Change in severity of dependence measured by the Severity of Dependence Scale from baseline to follow-up. Higher scores indicate greater dependence severity.
Change in urine-confirmed etomidate use
时间窗: Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6
Change in etomidate use status assessed by urine test from baseline to follow-up. Urine testing will be used to assess recent etomidate use and compare biological testing results with self-reported etomidate use.
次要结局
- Change in anxiety symptoms(Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6)
- Change in depressive symptoms(Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6)
- Change in delayed reward discounting(Baseline, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6)
- Change in risk sensitivity(Baseline, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6)
- Change in global cognitive function(Baseline, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6)
- Change in psychomotor speed(Baseline, Week 4, Month 3, and Month 6)