Effect of Slow Breathing and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique in Individual With Essential Hypertension: a Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 64
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Perceived Stress (PS)
研究概览
简要总结
Primary hypertension, also called essential hypertension, is a rise in blood pressure (BP) with no identifiable cause. The most prevalent form of hypertension is essential hypertension, which involves 95% of patients with hypertension.Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is learning to relax some groups of muscles while paying attention to the feelings connected with both the tense and relaxed states.It is generally established that regular slow (deep) breathing exercises enhance respiratory and cardiovascular function by enhancing parasympathetic tone and reducing sympathetic activity, thus reducing BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and stress levels in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of slow breathing and PMR technique on BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and anxiety in patients diagnosed with essential hypertension.
详细描述
From the previously published literature, it is obvious that both slow breathing and PMR and slow breathing is effective in patients with essential hypertension. However, no studies are available on the combined effect of these two techniques. So, the study aims to investigate the combined effect of slow breathing and PMR technique on BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and anxiety in patients diagnosed with essential hypertension.
Sixty-four participants diagnosed with essential hypertension were randomly allocated into four groups (Slow breathing (SB), PMR, SB+PMR, Control) with 16 subjects in each. Baseline BP, HR, RR and perceived stress scale were taken. All three-intervention groups underwent 30 minutes of training three days before the day of the intervention. The intervention consisted of 30 minutes, pre, mid and post-intervention BP, HR, RR and Perceived Stress (PS) were measured. The control group rested for 30 minutes. Pre, mid and post-rest measurements of BP, HR, RR and PS were taken.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 30 Years 至 60 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Participants with essential hypertension, a diastolic BP between 90 to 109mm of Hg, a systolic BP of more than 140mm of Hg,
- •Aged between 30 to 60 years, and
- •Self co-operation.
排除标准
- •Participants with secondary hypertension, any physical abnormalities that may disturb the exercise intervention,
- •Participant who cannot perform any relaxation or breathing exercises, and
- •Non-cooperation of participants.
结局指标
主要结局
Perceived Stress (PS)
时间窗: 8 Weeks
Perceived Stress was assessed using the perceived stress scale (PSS) with ten items, each with a five-point Likert scale (where a score of 0 indicates "never," a score of 1 indicates "nearly never," a score of 2 "occasionally," a score of 3 "very often," and a score of 4 "often").
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
时间窗: 8 Weeks
SBP was measured using a portable electronic sphygmomanometer.
Respiratory Rate (RR)
时间窗: 8 Weeks
RR was measured manually as the number of breaths a participant takes per minute.
Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
时间窗: 8 Weeks
DBP was measured using a portable electronic sphygmomanometer.
Heart Rate (HR)
时间窗: 8 Weeks
Heart Rate was measured using a portable electronic sphygmomanometer.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
AMIR IQBAL
Prinicipal Investigator
King Saud University