A Phase III Randomized Trial of Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (Mylotarg) Combined With Conventional Chemotherapy for De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
试验速览
- 阶段
- 3 期
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 1,070
- 试验地点
- 198
- 主要终点
- Event-free Survival at 3 Years
研究概览
简要总结
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as gemtuzumab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or carry cancer-killing substances to them. Giving combination chemotherapy together with gemtuzumab may kill more cancer cells. It is not yet known whether combination chemotherapy is more effective with or without gemtuzumab in treating patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.
PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying combination chemotherapy and gemtuzumab to see how well they work compared with combination chemotherapy alone in treating young patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.
详细描述
OBJECTIVES:
Primary
- Compare the event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of young patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with conventional combination chemotherapy with vs without gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GMTZ).
Secondary
- Compare the remission induction rates after two courses of therapy in these patients.
- Compare disease-free survival and OS in patients who are eligible for an human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched family donor (MFD) stem cell transplant (SCT) by virtue of their risk classification, with patients assigned to MFD SCT if a MFD is available, or to chemotherapy if a MFD is not available.
- Determine the outcome of patients with Down syndrome who are 4 years of age or older at diagnosis and treated with conventional combination chemotherapy without GMTZ.
- Compare the EFS and OS of patients with de novo AML treated with conventional combination chemotherapy with vs without GMTZ censoring MFD SCT recipients.
- Determine the prevalence and prognostic significance of molecular abnormalities of KIT, CCAAT-enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPα) and MLL-Partial tandem duplications (PTD) genes in these patients.
- Determine the leukemic involvement of hematopoietic early progenitor and its role in defining response to therapy.
- Assess the ability of a second-generation flow cytometric assay to predict patients at high risk for relapse during periods of clinical remission.
- Examine whether GMTZ significantly improves EFS and OS in patients with higher CD33 concentrations/intensity.
- Examine whether GMTZ significantly improves complete remission, EFS, and OS in each of the cytogenetic risk groups (high-, intermediate-, and low-risk) identified in prior Medical Research Council trials.
- Utilize fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to identify variant patterns among subgroups of patients who demonstrate the same G-banded chromosomal abnormality (e.g., inv[16]/t[16;16], t[8;21], 11q23 abnormality) and determine whether these variant patterns account for the heterogeneity of responses to therapy.
- Examine the impact of complex karyotypes (≥ 3, ≥ 4, and ≥ 5 abnormalities) on OS and EFS in intermediate-risk patients for whom no high-risk or low-risk cytogenetic abnormalities exist.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- — 至 29 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- 未提供
排除标准
- 未提供
研究组 & 干预措施
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: asparaginase (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: cytarabine (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: daunorubicin hydrochloride (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: etoposide (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: mitoxantrone hydrochloride (Drug)
Arm B: Experimental - with GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Pts receive IT ARA-C at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to six doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, & 5; a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5; and a 2-hr infusion of GMTZ - gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) on day 6. After 3 wks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 wks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hr infusion of mitoxantrone hydrochloride on days 3-6. They also receive a 2-hr infusion of gemtuzumab on day 7. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: asparaginase (Drug)
Arm B: Experimental - with GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Pts receive IT ARA-C at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to six doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, & 5; a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5; and a 2-hr infusion of GMTZ - gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) on day 6. After 3 wks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 wks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hr infusion of mitoxantrone hydrochloride on days 3-6. They also receive a 2-hr infusion of gemtuzumab on day 7. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: cytarabine (Drug)
Arm B: Experimental - with GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Pts receive IT ARA-C at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to six doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, & 5; a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5; and a 2-hr infusion of GMTZ - gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) on day 6. After 3 wks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 wks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hr infusion of mitoxantrone hydrochloride on days 3-6. They also receive a 2-hr infusion of gemtuzumab on day 7. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: daunorubicin hydrochloride (Drug)
Arm B: Experimental - with GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Pts receive IT ARA-C at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to six doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, & 5; a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5; and a 2-hr infusion of GMTZ - gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) on day 6. After 3 wks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 wks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hr infusion of mitoxantrone hydrochloride on days 3-6. They also receive a 2-hr infusion of gemtuzumab on day 7. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: etoposide (Drug)
Arm B: Experimental - with GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Pts receive IT ARA-C at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to six doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, & 5; a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5; and a 2-hr infusion of GMTZ - gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) on day 6. After 3 wks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 wks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hr infusion of mitoxantrone hydrochloride on days 3-6. They also receive a 2-hr infusion of gemtuzumab on day 7. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Drug)
Arm B: Experimental - with GMTZ, AML Pts w/out Down Syndrome
Pts receive IT ARA-C at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to six doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, & 5; a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5; and a 2-hr infusion of GMTZ - gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) on day 6. After 3 wks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5. After 3 wks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hr infusion of mitoxantrone hydrochloride on days 3-6. They also receive a 2-hr infusion of gemtuzumab on day 7. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: mitoxantrone hydrochloride (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Patients with Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: asparaginase (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Patients with Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: cytarabine (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Patients with Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: daunorubicin hydrochloride (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Patients with Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: etoposide (Drug)
Arm A: Standard Arm - No GMTZ, AML Patients with Down Syndrome
Patients receive intrathecal (IT) cytarabine (ARA-C) at diagnosis or on day 1 of treatment or twice a week for up to 6 doses. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-10; a 6-hour infusion of daunorubicin hydrochloride on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1. They also receive an infusion of ARA-C on days 1-8; a 6-hr infusion of daunorubicin on days 1, 3, and 5; and a 4-hr infusion of etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1 and 1-hr infusions of ARA-C and etoposide on days 1-5.
After 3 weeks of rest, some patients receive IT ARA-C on day 1; a 2-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1-4; and a 1-hour infusion of mitoxantrone on days 3-6. After 3 weeks of rest, they receive a 3-hr infusion of ARA-C on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and an injection of asparaginase on days 2 and 9.
干预措施: mitoxantrone hydrochloride (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Event-free Survival at 3 Years
时间窗: Time from study entry to time of induction failure, relapse, or death, assessed at 3 years
The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to calculate estimates of Event Free Survival (EFS). The log-rank test will be used to compare survival between treatment groups. Analysis of EFS of Down syndrome patients will be performed separately. Monitoring for efficacy of GMTZ with respect to Overall Survival (OS) and EFS will utilize monitoring based on the Lan-DeMets criterion with α-spending function αt\^2 (truncated at 3 standard deviations) and 2.5% type I error.
Overall Survival at 3 Years
时间窗: Time from study entry, assessed at 3 years
The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to calculate estimates of OS. Analysis of OS of Down syndrome patients will be performed separately. Monitoring for efficacy of GMTZ with respect to OS and EFS will utilize monitoring based on the Lan-DeMets criterion with α-spending function αt\^2 (truncated at 3 standard deviations) and 2.5% type I error.
次要结局
- Time to Marrow Recovery(At 25 days after treatment with Induction I, Induction II, and Intensification I)
- Disease-free Survival (DFS)(At 3 years from end of Intensification I)
- Toxicities, Including Infectious Complications(From the time therapy is initiated, assessed up to 10 years)
- Remission Induction Rate After 2 Courses of Induction Therapy(After 2 courses of induction (I and II) therapy, assessed for up to 10 years)
- Mortality(During the first three courses of therapy)