State-dependent Interoception, Value-based Decision-making, and Introspection
- Conditions
- FrustrationCravingEmotionsStressPain
- Interventions
- Other: StressBehavioral: CravingBehavioral: Negative valence emotionBehavioral: FrustrationOther: Pain
- Registration Number
- NCT05666726
- Lead Sponsor
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Brief Summary
Background:
Negative emotional states can affect a person s behavior as they make decisions. For example, hunger may make people more impatient; they may then make riskier choices. Other negative emotional states that can change behavior include stress, pain, and sadness. By learning more about how emotions affect thinking and behavior in healthy people, researchers hope to better understand how to identify and treat people with mental disorders.
Objective:
To learn how negative emotions affect the brain and decision-making behavior.
Eligibility:
Healthy people aged 18 to 55 years.
Design:
Participants will have 3 clinic visits in 3 weeks.
Participants will fill out questionnaires. They will be asked about their personal history, their personality, and state of mind.
For 2 visits, participants will be assigned to different groups. Each group will experience 1 type of emotional stressor:
Some participants will watch a video.
Some will have to do arithmetic problems.
Some will have heat applied to an arm or leg.
Some will experience cold by immersing their hand in ice water.
For a snack craving test, some will be tempted by food after a 4-hour fast.
During these tests, participants will have sensors attached to their bodies. They will be videotaped. Saliva samples will be collected.
After the stressors, participants will do tasks on a computer. They will need to make choices.
Some participants will perform these decision-making tasks while lying in a brain scanner for functional magnetic resonance imaging. The brain scan involves lying on a table that slides into a cylinder that takes images of the brain.
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- Detailed Description
Study Description:
This study involves a series of experiments consisting of within-subject experimental manipulations of state. In separate sub-studies, we will induce 5 types of negative valence states (negative emotion, loss, pain, stress, and craving) compared to a neutral state to test the hypothesis that negative valence states impact value-based decision-making and the neural mechanisms involved in decision-making.
Objectives:
Primary Objective: Determine the effect of induced negative valence states on value-based decision-making and examine how brain value representation during decision-making is affected by negative valence states.
Secondary Objectives: 1) Determine the role of interoception and metacognition as moderators of the effect of negative valence states on value-based decision-making. 2) Characterize state-specific effects on value-based decision-making. 3) Establish whether states can affect stable features of interoception and metacognition. 4) Build a classification model for state-specific detection using multimodal feature data. 5) Compare interoception across modalities (cardiac, respiratory, pain). 6) Characterize state-specific neuroendocrine profiles for gonadal, stress, and appetitive hormones.
Endpoints:
Primary Endpoints: Choice behavior and brain activations in decision-making tasks: 1) willingness-to-pay, 2) risk aversion, 3) ambiguity
aversion, and 4) delay discounting. For fMRI: 1) VMPFC BOLD, 2) VS BOLD, and 3) AI BOLD signal.
Secondary Endpoints: Behavior and neural activations in an interoceptive task and confidence reports: 1) interoceptive accuracy, 2) confidence bias, and 3) confidence sensitivity.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 900
Not provided
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description 4 Stress within-subjects experimental study, where each subject will receive a neutral state and a negative state induction intervention in a cross-over design (counterbalanced order across participants). 5 Craving within-subjects experimental study, where each subject will receive a neutral state and a negative state induction intervention in a cross-over design (counterbalanced order across participants). 1 Negative valence emotion within-subjects experimental study, where each subject will receive a neutral state and a negative state induction intervention in a cross-over design (counterbalanced order across participants). 2 Frustration within-subjects experimental study, where each subject will receive a neutral state and a negative state induction intervention in a cross-over design (counterbalanced order across participants). 3 Pain within-subjects experimental study, where each subject will receive a neutral state and a negative state induction intervention in a cross-over design (counterbalanced order across participants).
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method BOLD signal in decision-making areas ROI Right after intervention BOLD signal related to decision making tasks
Value-based decision-making metrics Right after intervention Value-based metrics such as delay discounting, which is a measure of an individual's preference for small immediate rewards over larger later rewards.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Confidence Right after intervention Level of confidence on the accuracy or optimality of their behavior.
Interoceptive accuracy Right after intervention Interoceptive accuracy is a measure of an individual's ability to report on bodily sensations with precision.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
🇺🇸Bethesda, Maryland, United States