Rebound pain after volar plate surgery in infraclavicular brachial plexus block with ropivacaine 3.75 mg/ml compared with 7.5 mg/ml. A prospective, triple blinded randomised controlled trial

简要总结

主要结局

次要结局

• Rebound pain, defined as VNRS (0-10) equal or above 7 at block resolution
• Difference in VNRS and Likert scale in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) 8 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 3 days and 7 days after surgery.
• Duration of moderate pain (VNRS 4 or above) and strong pain (VNRS 7 or above).
• Average and worst pain score (VNRS) 8-24 hours, 24-48 hours, last 24 hours at 3 days and 7 days after surgery.
• Pain at rest and with movement at 6 weeks after surgery (VNRS 0-10 and Likert scale)
• Worst pain last week at 6 weeks after surgery and average pain last 24 hours at 6 weeks after surgery.
• Total opioid and analgesic consumption first 8 hours, first 24 hours, 24-48 hours, 48 hours to 1 week and last week at 6 weeks after surgery.
• Duration of motoric and sensoric block from peripheral nerve block (needle out).
• Time from needle out to first rescue analgesic
• Quality of sleep, work ability, social life and cognitive function the first night, 48 hours, 3 days, 7 days and 6 weeks after surgery (Likert scale).
• Number of patients answering yes to the question: Do you have bothersome pain?
• The type of pain experienced at block resolution (heat, cold, burning, prickly, tingling, itchy, squeezing).
• Satisfaction with pain treatment (yes/no)
• Sensory and motor test of adequate nerves after peripheral nerve block before surgery and 1 hour after surgery.
• Was the nerve block adequate for surgery (yes/no)