Chat-based Support for Preventing Smoking Relapse

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Smoking Cessation
• Interventions: Behavioral: SMS message support; Behavioral: Chat-based instant messaging support; Behavioral: Self-help booklet

• Registration Number: NCT04409496
• Lead Sponsor: The University of Hong Kong

Brief Summary

This pilot trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of chat-based instant messaging support in preventing smoking relapse in recent tobacco abstainers.

Detailed Description

Smoking cessation is one of the most cost-effective health interventions, which can add up to 10 years of life expectancy (Jha et al., 2013). However, it is very difficult to quit smoking because of the addictive effect of nicotine presents in tobacco products, and smokers typically make multiple attempts before successfully quit smoking. Providing evidence-based treatment could substantially increase the chance of successful quitting.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) provided new opportunities and challenges in promoting smoking cessation. A growing literature has shown that smoking is linked to poor progression of COVID-19 (Patanavanich \& Glantz, 2020), which can be a new warning for motivating smokers to quit smoking. However, social distancing measures and increased stress and anxiety related to fear of contracting COVID-19 may increase the risk of smoking relapse in people who recently quit smoking (Patwardhan, 2020). There are also misinformation or unproven claims that smoking can protect against COVID-19. The social distancing measures also become a barrier for smokers who are interested in quitting to receive treatment from smoking cessation clinics. Therefore, implementing new interventions that can address the challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is needed.

Advance in mobile technologies provides a new avenue for delivering smoking cessation support. A qualitative interview of 21 current smokers in Hong Kong has found that mobile instant messaging app (e.g., WhatsApp) is an acceptable and feasible platform for providing chat support for smoking cessation (Luk et al., 2019). Chat-based support allows a registered nurse or trained counsellor to interact with a smoker individually through mobile instant messaging apps (e.g., WhatsApp and WeChat) and provide real-time, continuous, and personalized smoking cessation information and advice. A randomised trial of 1185 smokers found that the chat-based intervention integrated with brief intervention was effective in increasing smoking cessation (Wang et al., 2019). The trial also provided initial evidence that the intervention can be delivered as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with use of existing cessation treatment, to increase the chance of successful quitting. This study aims to adapt the chat intervention for smoking relapse prevention and evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness in recent tobacco abstainers enrolled in a clinic-based smoking cessation service in Hong Kong.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2020-05-26
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-05-26
• Study First Posted: 2020-06-01
• Study Start: 2020-06-02
• Primary Completion: 2021-01-22
• Study Completion: 2021-01-22
• Status Verified: 2021-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-03-02
• Last Update Posted: 2021-03-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 108

Inclusion Criteria

• Hong Kong residents aged 18 years or older
• Enrolled in a smoking cessation programme under Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Integrated Centre on Smoking Cessation
• Daily tobacco use before service intake
• Not using any tobacco product for 3 to 30 days
• Own a mobile phone with a mobile instant messaging app (WhatsApp or WeChat) installed
• Able to communicate in Chinese (Cantonese or Mandarin)

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Exclusion Criteria

• Subjects with communication barriers owing to physical or cognitive conditions will be excluded.

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Intervention group	Self-help booklet	Chat-based instant messaging support + Self-help booklet
Control group	SMS message support	SMS message support + Self-help booklet
Control group	Self-help booklet	SMS message support + Self-help booklet
Intervention group	Chat-based instant messaging support	Chat-based instant messaging support + Self-help booklet

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Biochemically-validated tobacco abstinence	Assessed at 6 months after randomisation	Defined by an exhaled carbon monoxide level of 3 parts per million or below

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Self-reported 7-day point-prevalence tobacco abstinence	Assessed at 6 months after randomisation	Being completely smoke-free in the past 7 days
Self-reported relapse rate	Assessed at 6 months after randomisation	Defined as use of tobacco products for 7 consecutive days or longer
Self-reported 6-month prolonged tobacco abstinence	Assessed at 6 months after randomisation	Not more than five lapses permitted for 6 months after baseline

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Integrated Centre on Smoking Cessation; 🇭🇰 Hong Kong, Hong Kong