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Effects of a Legume-rich Diet in the Context of the Planetary Health Diet Compared to a Western-oriented Dietary Pattern in Participants with Increased Cardiometabolic Risk

Not Applicable
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Cardiovascular Diseases
Registration Number
NCT06700954
Lead Sponsor
University of Bonn
Brief Summary

The aim of the study is to systematically investigate the effects of a diet enriched with legumes in a dietary pattern approach (Planetary Health Diet) compared to a control diet low in legumes in older people with a risk phenotype for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. For this purpose, a controlled, six-week nutritional intervention study will be carried out in a parallel design. A total of 100 subjects (aged 50 - 75 years) will be randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: i) a legume-rich diet based on the Planetary Health Diet, with a focus on plant protein, ii) a diet based on the Western dietary pattern including animal protein sources (= control diet). The target variables include parameters of lipid, glucose and insulin metabolism as well as biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation, proteomics and neurodegeneration markers. Furthermore, pulse wave velocity is measured to assess vascular function and neuropsychological target variables (e.g. hunger, satiety) are recorded using questionnaires.

Detailed Description

The aim of the study is to systematically investigate the effects of a diet enriched with legumes in the dietary pattern approach (Planetary Health Diet) compared to a control diet low in legumes in older people with a risk phenotype for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. For this purpose, a controlled, six-week nutritional intervention study will be carried out in a parallel design. A total of 100 subjects (aged 50 - 75 years) will be randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: i) a legume-rich diet based on the Planetary Health Diet, with a focus on plant protein, ii) a diet based on the Western dietary pattern including animal protein sources (= control diet). The target variables include parameters of lipid, glucose and insulin metabolism as well as biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation, proteomics and neurodegeneration markers. Furthermore, pulse wave velocity is measured to assess vascular function and neuropsychological target variables (e.g. hunger, satiety) are recorded using questionnaires. The subjects come to the study center for examination before the start of the intervention (visit 1), after three weeks (mid-intervention, visit 2) and after six weeks (end of intervention, visit 3).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  • written informed consent
  • Non-smoking
  • BMI: 27 - 34,9 kg/m2
  • Waist circumference (women ≥ 80 cm, men ≥ 94 cm)
  • Systolic blood pressure: ≥ 120 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure: ≥ 80 mmHg
  • At least one of the following criteria:
  • Fasting triglycerides in serum: ≥ 150 mg/dL
  • Fasting LDL cholesterol in serum ≥160 mg/dL
  • Fasting HDL-Cholesterol in serum: women < 50 mg/dl, men < 40 mg/dL
  • Fasting glucose in plasma: ≥ 100 mg/dL
  • CRP in serum 0,2-3 mg/dL
Exclusion Criteria
  • food intolerances and allergies (especially legumes)
  • Smoking
  • malabsorption syndromes
  • thyroid diseases
  • impaired renal function
  • chronic liver disease
  • heart failure
  • myocardial infarction
  • insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
  • chronic inflammatory diseases
  • tumors
  • anemia
  • immunosuppression
  • intake of supplements (e.g., fish oil)
  • Participation in another study
  • other exclusion criteria at the discretion of the physician/ investigator

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Pameters of glucose metabolism in bloodpostprandial period of 2 hours (t = 0,2) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Glucose (mg/dL)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Parameters of glucose metabolism in bloodFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Fructosamine (µmol/l)

Parameters of lipid metabolism in bloodFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids

Blood ureaFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Urea in blood (mg/dL)

Uric acid in bloodFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Uric acid in blood (mg/dL)

Parameters of endothelial function in bloodFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

ADMA (µmo/L)

Parameters of inflammation in bloodFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

IL-6 (pg/mL)

Parameters of Hunger and Satiety in bloodFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Ghrelin (pg/mL)

Endothelial functionFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

pulse wave velocity (m/s) with the vicorder device

Liver enzymesFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

AST (U/L)

Small blood countFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention
FerritinFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Ferritin (µg/L)

AdiponectinFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Adiponectin (µg/ml)

Parameters oft the antioxidant systemFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

B vitamins

trace elementsFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

selen

ProteomicsFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention
Neurodegenerative markersFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

NF-L

Blood pressureFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Blood pressure (mmHg)

REEFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

REE (kcal/24h)

Anthropometic measurementsFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

waist circumference (cm)

Neuropsychological parametersFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Assessment of memory via a validated neuropsychological questionaire (paper pencil, e.g. higher reproduction of memorised visual and verbal information = better memory; visual part: maximum points: 31 = all visual information memorised, minimum points: 0 = no visual information memorised; verbal part: maximum points: 24 = all verbal information memorised, minimum points: 0 = no verbal information memorised)

Fecal fatty acid profileFasting (t=0) in week 1 and week 6 of intervention

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Nutrition Physiology

🇩🇪

Bonn, North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany

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