Optimal TTM Tailoring for Population Cessation
- Conditions
- Smoking Cessation
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Stage-Tailored ManualBehavioral: Stage Tailored Feedback ReportBehavioral: Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback ReportBehavioral: Full TTM-Tailored Feedback ReportBehavioral: Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Report
- Registration Number
- NCT01544010
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Rhode Island
- Brief Summary
This study explored optimal tailoring strategies for population tobacco cessation in 4 treatment groups and a control group over 24 months. Transtheoretical model (TTM) tailored feedback on all 14 variables has been found to be a robust population cessation strategy across studies. This proposal sought to find a subset of these variables that is optimal for tailoring, both minimizing response burden while maximizing effectiveness. Addiction variables have been demonstrated to predict smoking outcomes across studies as well, so we will integrate tailored feedback using TTM and addiction variables into an enhanced tailoring group. Optimally tailored feedback that both helps unmotivated smokers reduce their addiction and helps motivated smokers quit could lead to a breakthrough in population cessation.
- Detailed Description
Smoking remains one of the biggest causes of premature morbidity and mortality. Nicotine addiction continues to challenge researchers to optimize their best interventions, and these challenges increase with efforts to integrate smoking cessation into multiple behavior change research and dissemination. Tailored intervention strategies have demonstrated effectiveness, yet much research remains to be done exploring optimal tailoring strategies. Transtheoretical model (TTM) tailored feedback on all 14 variables has been demonstrated to be a robust population cessation strategy across studies, producing 22-25% quit rates at 18-24 month final timepoints. This proposal sought to find a subset of these variables that is optimal for tailoring, both minimizing response burden while maximizing effectiveness. Addiction variables have been demonstrated to predict smoking outcomes across studies as well, so we will integrate tailored feedback using TTM and addiction variables into an enhanced tailoring group. Enhanced addiction tailored feedback that both helps unmotivated smokers reduce their addiction and helps motivated smokers quit could lead to a breakthrough in population cessation. This proposal tests four types of TTM-tailoring for smoking cessation in an additive design: assessment-only control group; Minimal tailoring (stage only); Moderate tailoring (stage, pros, cons, efficacy); Full TTM tailoring (all 14 TTM variables); and Enhanced TTM tailoring plus addiction variables. Smokers will be randomized to one of five treatment groups and evaluated at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months. Treatment groups will receive tailored feedback at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Analyses will compare treatment groups on quit rates at the final timepoint to see how effectively each treatment helps smokers to quit. A series of mediation and moderation analyses will examine how each treatment works. This study has the potential to find an optimal tailoring strategy for population cessation that could accelerate future multiple behavior change research and dissemination efforts.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 3006
- smoker
- pregnancy
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- FACTORIAL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Full TTM tailoring Stage Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Full TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailoring Full TTM-Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of addiction levels (# cigarettes/day) stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailoring Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of addiction levels (# cigarettes/day) stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Moderate TTM Tailoring Stage-Tailored Manual This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance and temptations at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Full TTM tailoring Full TTM-Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Full TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailoring Stage-Tailored Manual This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of addiction levels (# cigarettes/day) stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Minimal Stage Tailoring Stage-Tailored Manual This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Stage Tailored Feedback Reports based on assessments at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Minimal Stage Tailoring Stage Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Stage Tailored Feedback Reports based on assessments at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Moderate TTM Tailoring Stage Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance and temptations at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Moderate TTM Tailoring Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance and temptations at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Full TTM tailoring Stage-Tailored Manual This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Full TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Full TTM tailoring Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Full TTM-Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailoring Moderate TTM-Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of addiction levels (# cigarettes/day) stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months. Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailoring Stage Tailored Feedback Report This group will receive a Stage-Tailored Manual at baseline. It will also get Enhanced TTM+Addiction Tailored Feedback Reports, that is, integrated tailored feedback reports based on assessments of addiction levels (# cigarettes/day) stage of change, decisional balance (pros + cons), temptations and (ten) processes of change at Baseline, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 24 months.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Smoking cessation (quit) rate 24 months Self-report point prevalence abstinence
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University of Rhode Island
šŗšøKingston, Rhode Island, United States