Effects of Mindfulness Training on the Psychological Well-being of Preschoolers

Not Applicable

• Conditions: Mindfulness-based Intervention for Preschoolers
• Interventions: Behavioral: dots Curriculum

• Registration Number: NCT05058365
• Lead Sponsor: The University of Hong Kong

Brief Summary

The present study is a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a mindfulness course on the psychological well-being of preschoolers (i.e., attention and impulsivity, prosocial behavior, empathy, emotion regulation and conduct). Participants will be randomized to either intervention (dots Curriculum) or wait-list control condition. Participants will complete a computerized task and they will be interviewed to complete a scenario test before (baseline) and after the intervention. The parents and class teacher will also be invited to complete a survey at baseline and after the intervention.

Detailed Description

Not available

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2021-09
• Study Start: 2021-09-01
• Study First Submitted: 2021-09-16
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-09-16
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-09-16
• Study First Posted: 2021-09-27
• Last Update Posted: 2021-09-27
• Primary Completion: 2022-06-30
• Study Completion: 2022-06-30

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 16

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Intervention group	dots Curriculum	-

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Attention and Impulsivity	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	An aggregated T-score by taking the mean of the eight measures of Conners Kiddie Continuous Performance Test 2nd Edition (K-CPT 2), published by Multi-Health Systems. The eight measures are d-prime, Omissions, Commissions, Perseverations, Hit Reaction Time Standard Deviation, Variability, Hit Reaction Time Block Change, Hit Reaction Time Inter-Stimulus Interval Change. All eight measures were T-score with a population mean of 50 with a standard deviation of 10. The eight T-scores are averaged to give an overall representation of the children's attention and impulsivity. Lower score indicates better outcome.
Empathy	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	Scenario test depicting common social interactions faced by preschoolers. Two parallel versions are developed, each with four scenarios. For each scenario, the children are asked to identify the emotions of the character in the scenario. Answers of the same emotional valence (i.e. positive or negative) without probe score 2 points. Answer after probe score 1 point. Answers with different emotional valence or null responses score 0 points. The mean score of the four scenarios is calculated as the measure of empathy, ranging from 0 to 2. Higher scores indicate stronger empathy.
Prosocial Behavior	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	Scenario test depicting common social interactions faced by preschoolers. Two parallel versions are developed, each with four scenarios. For each scenario, the children are asked to identify the emotions of the character in the scenario. Answers of socially appropriate behaviors without probe score 2 points. Answer of socially appropriate behaviors after probe score 1 point. Answers with socially inappropriate behavior or null responses score 0 points. The mean score of the four scenarios is calculated as the measure of prosocial behavior, ranging from 0 to 2. Higher scores indicate more prosocial behavior.
Parent-reported Attention	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Hyperactivity subscale of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated better attention.
Parent-reported Emotion Regulation	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Emotional Problem subscale of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated better emotion regulation.
Parent-reported Prosocial Behavior	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Prosocial subscale of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated more prosocial behavior.
Parent-reported Conduct	baseline, immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Conduct Problem subscale of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated less conduct problem.
Teacher-reported Attention	Baseline, Immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Hyperactivity subscale of the teacher-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated better attention.
Teacher-reported Emotion Regulation	baseline, immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Emotional Problem subscale of the teacher-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated better emotion regulation.
Teacher-reported Prosocial Behavior	baseline, immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Prosocial subscale of the teacher-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated more prosocial behavior.
Teacher-reported Conduct	baseline, immediately after intervention at Week 14	The mean subscale score of a modified version of the Conduct Problem subscale of the teacher-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Originally negative Items were changed into positive wording. The subscale consisted of 3 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher score indicated less conduct problem.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Jockey Club "Peace and Awareness" Mindfulness Culture in Schools Initiative, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong; 🇭🇰 Hong Kong, Hong Kong