Oxytocin

Generic Name
Oxytocin
Brand Names
Pitocin
Drug Type
Biotech
Chemical Formula
-
CAS Number
50-56-6
Unique Ingredient Identifier
1JQS135EYN
Background

Sir Henry H. Dale first identified oxytocin and its uterine contractile properties in 1906. Like all other neurohypophysial hormones, oxytocin is composed of nine amino acids with a disulfide bridge between the Cys 1 and 6 residues. In the mid-1950s, synthetic oxytocin was successfully synthesized by a biochemist named Vincent du Vigneaud; he was later recognized with a Nobel prize for his work. Oxytocin continues to be an important tool in modern obstetrics to induce labor when indicated and to manage postpartum hemorrhage. It is estimated that labor induction with oxytocin is used in almost 10% of deliveries globally.

It should be noted that there are risks associated with oxytocin intervention during childbirth. Oxytocin should be used judiciously only when necessary and by experienced healthcare practitioners.

Although most commonly linked to labor and delivery, oxytocin actually has broad peripheral and central effects. It plays an important role in pair bonding, social cognition and functioning, and even fear conditioning. Oxytocin also serves a role in metabolic homeostasis and cardiovascular regulation.

Indication

Administration of exogenous oxytocin is indicated in the antepartum period to initiate or improve uterine contractions for vaginal delivery in situations where there is fetal or maternal concern. For example, It may be used to induce labor in cases of Rh sensitization, maternal diabetes, preeclampsia at or near term, and when delivery is indicated due to prematurely ruptured membranes. Importantly, oxytocin is not approved or indicated for elective induction of labor. Oxytocin may be used to reinforce labor in select cases of uterine inertia and as adjunctive therapy in the management of incomplete or inevitable abortion. In the postpartum period, oxytocin may be used to induced contractions in the 3rd stage of labor and to control postpartum bleeding or hemorrhage.

Associated Conditions
Incomplete Abortion, Inevitable abortion, Postpartum Bleeding
Associated Therapies
Reinforcement of labor

Benefits of Oxytocin in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients Using Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Machine

First Posted Date
2019-03-01
Last Posted Date
2023-01-09
Lead Sponsor
Vivek Jain
Target Recruit Count
40
Registration Number
NCT03860233
Locations
🇺🇸

Medical Faculty Associates, Washington, District of Columbia, United States

Spontaneous and Oxytocin-induced Contractility After Exposure to Intravenous Anesthetic Agents: an In-vitro Study in Human Myometrium

First Posted Date
2019-02-25
Last Posted Date
2022-10-25
Lead Sponsor
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital
Target Recruit Count
33
Registration Number
NCT03852797
Locations
🇨🇦

Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Oxytocin to Enhance Alcohol Behavioral Couple Therapy (ABCT)

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2019-02-19
Last Posted Date
2024-06-18
Lead Sponsor
Medical University of South Carolina
Target Recruit Count
194
Registration Number
NCT03846505
Locations
🇺🇸

Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States

Effects of Oxytocin and Lorazepam on Fear-related Intra-amygdalar Activity

First Posted Date
2019-02-04
Last Posted Date
2019-04-17
Lead Sponsor
University Hospital, Bonn
Target Recruit Count
120
Registration Number
NCT03829839
Locations
🇩🇪

Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Mindfulness Training Plus Oxytocin Effects on Smoking Behavior

First Posted Date
2019-01-28
Last Posted Date
2024-06-14
Lead Sponsor
University of Southern California
Target Recruit Count
20
Registration Number
NCT03819231
Locations
🇺🇸

University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States

Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin Infusion Plus Tranexamic Acid During Cesarean Section

First Posted Date
2018-12-17
Last Posted Date
2019-02-15
Lead Sponsor
Aswan University Hospital
Target Recruit Count
400
Registration Number
NCT03777878
Locations
🇪🇬

Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin for the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Emergency Caesarean Delivery

First Posted Date
2018-11-28
Last Posted Date
2018-11-28
Lead Sponsor
Al-Kindy College of Medicine
Target Recruit Count
300
Registration Number
NCT03755531
Locations
🇮🇶

Al Kindy College of Medicine/ University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

A Randomized Trial of Oral Misoprostol Alone Versus Oral Misoprostol Followed by Oxytocin for Labour Induction

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2018-11-21
Last Posted Date
2024-12-18
Lead Sponsor
University of Liverpool
Target Recruit Count
520
Registration Number
NCT03749902
Locations
🇮🇳

Daga Memorial Women's Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

🇮🇳

Government Medical College (GMC), Nagpur, India

🇮🇳

Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India

Does Induction Dosage in Latent Phase Affect Active Phase of Labor?

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2018-11-15
Last Posted Date
2021-01-20
Lead Sponsor
Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Pediatric Research and Training Hospital
Target Recruit Count
300
Registration Number
NCT03742531
Locations
🇹🇷

Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Tranexamic Acid Plus Buccal Misoprostol on Blood Loss During and After Cesarean Delivery

First Posted Date
2018-10-18
Last Posted Date
2020-07-14
Lead Sponsor
Aswan University Hospital
Target Recruit Count
400
Registration Number
NCT03710304
Locations
🇪🇬

Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

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