Ephedrine

Generic Name: Ephedrine

Brand Names: Akovaz, Bronkaid, Corphedra, Emerphed, Primatene, Rezipres

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₀H_₁₅NO

CAS Number: 299-42-3

Unique Ingredient Identifier: GN83C131XS

Background: Ephedrine was first described in western literature in 1888, as a naturally occurring component of the ephedra plant, along with pseudoephedrine. Ephedrine acts as both a direct and indirect sympathomimetic. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist; however, it also causes the indirect release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons, inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake and displacing more norepinephrine from storage vesicles. Ephedrine is used for its vasoconstrictive, positive chronotropic, and positive inotropic effects. Ephedrine and phenylephrine are still used to treat hypotension, but their use in other indications has decreased due to the development of more selective adrenergic agonists. Ephedrine was granted a type 7 FDA Approval on 29 April 2016.

Indication: Ephedrine intravenous injections are indicated to treat hypotension under anesthesia, ephedrine injections by multiple routes are indicated to treat allergic conditions such as bronchial asthma, ephedrine nasal spray is and OTC medication used as a decongestant.

Associated Conditions: Allergic Reaction, Bronchial Asthma, Common Cold, Cough, Depression, Fever, General Anesthesia Induced Hypotension, Headache, Joint Pain, Myasthenia Gravis, Narcolepsy, Nasal Congestion, Rhinorrhoea, Sore Throat, Dry cough

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Colloid Pre-Loading on D-Dimer During Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Coagulation Defect; Bleeding

Interventions: Drug: hydroxyethyl starch (6% 130/0.4)
Drug: Hyperbaric bupivacaine
Drug: Morphine
Drug: Isotonic 0.9 sodium chloride (NaCl) solution
Drug: Ephedrine
Drug: Atropine

First Posted Date: 2015-12-04

Last Posted Date: 2016-11-08

Lead Sponsor: Assiut University

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT02622126

Locations: 🇪🇬
Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt

Comparison of Norepinephrine and Ephedrine on Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia in Parturients

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Hypotension
Obstetrical Complication of Anesthesia
Complications; Cesarean Section

Interventions: Drug: Norepinephrine
Drug: Ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2015-09-07

Last Posted Date: 2019-01-15

Lead Sponsor: Air Force Military Medical University, China

Target Recruit Count: 66

Registration Number: NCT02542748

Locations: 🇨🇳
Xijing Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China

Anticholinergic Premedication for Sedation With Dexmedetomidine During Spinal Anesthesia

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Bradycardia

Interventions: Drug: Atropine
Drug: Dexmedetomidine
Drug: Ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2015-08-13

Last Posted Date: 2016-01-18

Lead Sponsor: Sira Bang

Target Recruit Count: 120

Registration Number: NCT02522858

Locations: 🇰🇷
Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, Jung-Gu,, Korea, Republic of

Comparison of Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine for Monitored Anaesthesia Care During Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Fractures, Compression

Interventions: Drug: Remifentanil
Drug: Dexmedetomidine
Drug: midazolam
Drug: propofol
Drug: ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2015-06-22

Last Posted Date: 2015-06-24

Lead Sponsor: Hallym University Medical Center

Target Recruit Count: 75

Registration Number: NCT02476981

Locations: 🇰🇷
Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si, Dongan-gu, Korea, Republic of

Ephedrine vs. Nor Epinephrine Infusion in Preventing Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Hypotension
Complications; Cesarean Section
Anesthesia; Adverse Effect, Spinal and Epidural

Interventions: Drug: Ephedrine
Drug: Norepinephrine

First Posted Date: 2015-06-22

Last Posted Date: 2017-10-26

Lead Sponsor: University Tunis El Manar

Target Recruit Count: 120

Registration Number: NCT02477501

Locations: 🇹🇳
Tunis maternity and neonatology center, minisetry of public health, Tunis, Tunisia

Nefopam vs Tramadol in the Prevention of Post Anaesthetic Shivering

Phase 2

Conditions: Post Anaesthetic Shivering

Interventions: Drug: Tramadol
Drug: Nefopam
Drug: Metoclopramide
Drug: Ranitidine
Drug: Pethidine
Drug: Ephedrine
Drug: oxytocin

First Posted Date: 2015-05-12

Last Posted Date: 2018-07-17

Lead Sponsor: Lagos State Health Service Commission

Target Recruit Count: 130

Registration Number: NCT02441673

Continuous Spinal Anesthesia With Hypobaric Bupivacaine to Preserve Hemodynamics in Elderly

Not Applicable

Conditions: Hip Fracture
Hypotension

Interventions: Procedure: continuous spinal anesthesia
Drug: isobaric bupivacaine
Drug: hypobaric bupivacaine
Drug: ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2015-04-28

Last Posted Date: 2015-04-28

Lead Sponsor: Institut Kassab d'Orthopédie

Target Recruit Count: 120

Registration Number: NCT02428257

Locations: 🇹🇳
Institut Kassab d'Orthopédie, La Manouba, Tunisia

Target Hemodynamics and Brain Injury During General Anesthesia in the Elderly

Phase 2

Suspended

Conditions: Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction

Interventions: Procedure: Hemodynamic target
Drug: Phenylephrine
Drug: Intravenous fluids
Procedure: Patient's positioning
Procedure: Reduction of depth of anesthesia
Drug: Ephedrine
Drug: Epinephrine
Drug: Norepinephrine
Drug: Dopamine