Ephedrine was first described in western literature in 1888, as a naturally occurring component of the ephedra plant, along with pseudoephedrine. Ephedrine acts as both a direct and indirect sympathomimetic. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist; however, it also causes the indirect release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons, inhibitin...
Ephedrine intravenous injections are indicated to treat hypotension under anesthesia, ephedrine injections by multiple routes are indicated to treat allergic conditions such as bronchial asthma, ephedrine nasal spray is and OTC medication used as a decongestant.
Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education,Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Warsaw, Poland
B.P. koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
Cairo University Hospitals, Giza, Egypt
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Assiut university, Assiut, Egypt
London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal university Medical School, Anesthesiology and Reanimation D., Bolu, Turkey
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SInai, New York, New York, United States
Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
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