Metformin

Generic Name: Metformin

Brand Names: Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₄H_₁₁N_₅

CAS Number: 657-24-9

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 9100L32L2N

Background: Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication: Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions: Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Metformin Versus Insulin in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions: Drug: Metformin
Drug: Insulin

First Posted Date: 2010-03-16

Last Posted Date: 2010-03-16

Lead Sponsor: University of Oulu

Target Recruit Count: 97

Registration Number: NCT01087866

Locations: 🇫🇮
Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Lapatinib With Sirolimus or Metformin

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Advanced Cancers

Interventions: Drug: Lapatinib
Drug: Metformin
Drug: Sirolimus

First Posted Date: 2010-03-16

Last Posted Date: 2015-11-11

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 111

Registration Number: NCT01087983

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

Effect of Treatment With Insulin Sensitizer on Arterial Properties, Metabolic Parameters and Liver Function in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Interventions: Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2010-03-10

Last Posted Date: 2010-03-10

Lead Sponsor: Wolfson Medical Center

Registration Number: NCT01084486

Locations: 🇮🇱
Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel

Metformin in Preventing Androgen Deprivation Therapy Induced Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome
Hypercholesterolemia

Interventions: Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2010-03-01

Last Posted Date: 2014-05-15

Lead Sponsor: Western Sydney Local Health District

Target Recruit Count: 28

Registration Number: NCT01077479

Locations: 🇦🇺
Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Sitagliptin 100 mg in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control (MK-0431-229)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions: Drug: Sitagliptin phosphate
Drug: Glimepiride or gliclazide
Drug: Metformin
Drug: Pioglitazone rescue therapy

First Posted Date: 2010-02-25

Last Posted Date: 2017-06-05

Lead Sponsor: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC

Target Recruit Count: 427

Registration Number: NCT01076075

A Study in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (AWARD-2)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Interventions: Drug: LY2189265
Drug: Insulin Glargine
Drug: Metformin
Drug: Glimepiride

First Posted Date: 2010-02-25

Last Posted Date: 2015-01-16

Lead Sponsor: Eli Lilly and Company

Target Recruit Count: 810

Registration Number: NCT01075282

Locations: 🇨🇳
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician., Yung-Kang, Tainan, Taiwan

A Study to Evaluate the Effect of ASP1941 in Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Interventions: Drug: ipragliflozin
Drug: Placebo
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2010-02-19

Last Posted Date: 2024-11-06

Lead Sponsor: Astellas Pharma Inc

Target Recruit Count: 412

Registration Number: NCT01071850

Locations: 🇺🇸
CSRA Partners in Health, Inc., Augusta, Georgia, United States
🇺🇸
Atlanta Vascular Research Foundation, Atlanta Cardiology & Primary Care P.C., Tucker, Georgia, United States
🇮🇳
Bride, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India

and more 56 locations