Metformin

Generic Name
Metformin
Brand Names
Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C4H11N5
CAS Number
657-24-9
Unique Ingredient Identifier
9100L32L2N
Background

Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication

Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions
Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
Associated Therapies
-

A Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of a Fixed Dose Combination of Spironolactone, Pioglitazone & Metformin (SPIOMET) in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

First Posted Date
2022-05-27
Last Posted Date
2024-04-22
Lead Sponsor
Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
Target Recruit Count
364
Registration Number
NCT05394142
Locations
🇮🇹

Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

🇪🇸

Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues De Llobregat, Spain

🇪🇸

Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Trueta, Girona, Spain

and more 4 locations

Treating PCOS With Digital Intervention vs. Metformin

First Posted Date
2022-05-23
Last Posted Date
2023-11-13
Lead Sponsor
Shanghai 10th People's Hospital
Target Recruit Count
80
Registration Number
NCT05386706
Locations
🇨🇳

Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Efficacy and Safety of Metformin Versus Empagliflozin on Chronic Kidney Disease Progression

First Posted Date
2022-05-13
Last Posted Date
2023-04-18
Lead Sponsor
Tanta University
Target Recruit Count
90
Registration Number
NCT05373680
Locations
🇪🇬

Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt

🇪🇬

Tanta University Teaching Hospitals, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt

Durable Effect of Imeglimin on the Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

First Posted Date
2022-05-09
Last Posted Date
2023-11-09
Lead Sponsor
National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
Target Recruit Count
567
Registration Number
NCT05366868
Locations
🇯🇵

Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan

Efficacy of Metformin as Preventive Treatment in Paclitaxel Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients

First Posted Date
2022-04-28
Last Posted Date
2023-03-09
Lead Sponsor
Mansoura University
Target Recruit Count
76
Registration Number
NCT05351021
Locations
🇪🇬

Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

SGLT2 Inhibitors As First Line Therapy to Prevent Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetes

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2022-04-25
Last Posted Date
2024-12-20
Lead Sponsor
The George Institute
Target Recruit Count
994
Registration Number
NCT05345327
Locations
🇦🇺

Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

🇱🇰

National Hospital - Galle, Galle, Southern Province, Sri Lanka

🇱🇰

National Hospital of Sri Lanka 1, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka

and more 4 locations

The Impact of Metformin on the Outcome of Gouty Arthritis in a Cohort of Egyptian Gouty Patients.

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2022-04-18
Last Posted Date
2024-03-27
Lead Sponsor
Menoufia University
Target Recruit Count
100
Registration Number
NCT05332795
Locations
🇪🇬

Dalia Salah Saif, Menoufia Governorate, MD, Egypt

Effect of Metformin on ABCB1 and AMPK Expression in Adolescents With Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Not Applicable
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2022-04-14
Last Posted Date
2022-04-14
Lead Sponsor
Hospital General de Mexico
Target Recruit Count
20
Registration Number
NCT05326984
Locations
🇲🇽

Hospital General de México, Mexico City, Mexico

Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of PB-201 in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients With Poor Glycemic Control Via Metformin Hydrochloride Monotherapy

First Posted Date
2022-04-13
Last Posted Date
2022-04-22
Lead Sponsor
PegBio Co., Ltd.
Target Recruit Count
546
Registration Number
NCT05326490
Locations
🇨🇳

Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China

"MetCool ACS"- Metformin "Cooling" Effect on Metformin-naive Patients Treated With PCI Because of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2022-03-31
Last Posted Date
2022-03-31
Lead Sponsor
Military Institute od Medicine National Research Institute
Target Recruit Count
2000
Registration Number
NCT05305898
Locations
🇵🇱

Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny, Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland

🇵🇱

Oddział Kardiologii Szpitala św. Rafała, Kraków, Małopolskie, Poland

🇵🇱

Centrum Kardiologii Scanmed w Bielsku Podlaskim, Bielsk Podlaski, Podlaskie, Poland

and more 11 locations
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