Doxorubicin

Generic Name
Doxorubicin
Brand Names
Adriamycin, Doxil, Myocet, Caelyx pegylated liposomal, Zolsketil pegylated liposomal, Myocet liposomal (previously Myocet), Celdoxome pegylated liposomal
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C27H29NO11
CAS Number
23214-92-8
Unique Ingredient Identifier
80168379AG
Background

Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius along side with daunorubicin, another cytotoxic agent, in 1970. Although they both have aglyconic and sugar moieties, doxorubicin's side chain terminates with a primary alcohol group compared to the methyl group of daunorubicin. Although its detailed molecular mechanisms have yet to be understood, doxorubicin is generally thought to exert its effect through DNA intercalation, which eventually leads to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thanks to its efficacy and broad effect, doxorubicin was approved by the FDA in 1974 to treat a variety of cancer, including but not limited to breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, thyroid, non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, sarcoma, and pediatric cancers. However, one of the major side effects of doxorubicin is cardiotoxicity, which excludes patients with poor heart function and requires treatment termination once the maximally tolerated cumulative dose is reached.

Indication

Doxorubicin is indicated for the treatment of neoplastic conditions like acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic Wilms’ tumor, metastatic neuroblastoma, metastatic soft tissue and bone sarcomas, metastatic ovarian carcinoma, metastatic transitional cell bladder carcinoma, metastatic thyroid carcinoma, metastatic gastric carcinoma, and metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma. Doxorubicin is also indicated for use as a component of adjuvant therapy in women with evidence of axillary lymph node involvement following resection of primary breast cancer. For the liposomal formulation, doxorubicin is indicated for the treatment of ovarian cancer that has progressed or recurred after platinum-based chemotherapy, AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma after the failure of prior systemic chemotherapy or intolerance to such therapy, and multiple myeloma in combination with bortezomib in patients who have not previously received bortezomib and have received at least one prior therapy.

Associated Conditions
AIDS-related Kaposi's Sarcoma, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Advanced Endometrial Cancer, Advanced Ovarian Cancer, Breast Cancer, Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Metastatic Bone Sarcomas, Metastatic Breast Cancer, Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Metastatic Thyroid Cancer, Metastatic Urothelial Cancer, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), Sezary Syndrome, Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM), Advanced Thymoma, Advanced uterine sarcoma, Metastatic Bronchogenic Carcinoma, Metastatic Gastric carcinoma, Metastatic Neuroblastoma, Metastatic Ovarian carcinoma, Metastatic Wilms' tumor
Associated Therapies
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A Study Evaluating the Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Venetoclax in Combination With Polatuzumab Vedotin Plus Rituximab (R) and Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Prednisone (CHP) in Participants With Untreated BCL-2 Immunohistochemistry (IHC)-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

First Posted Date
2021-03-10
Last Posted Date
2024-07-11
Lead Sponsor
Hoffmann-La Roche
Target Recruit Count
50
Registration Number
NCT04790903
Locations
🇫🇷

Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille (CHRU) - Hôpital Claude Huriez, Lille, France

🇫🇷

CHU Montpellier - Saint ELOI, Montpellier, France

🇺🇸

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

and more 17 locations

A 3 Arm Randomized Study on Health-related QoL of Elderly Patients With Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma

First Posted Date
2021-03-03
Last Posted Date
2024-02-22
Lead Sponsor
European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC
Target Recruit Count
14
Registration Number
NCT04780464
Locations
🇯🇴

King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan

🇨🇾

Bank Of Cyprus Oncology Centre, Nicosia, Cyprus

Sequential Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Phase 2
Recruiting
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2021-03-01
Last Posted Date
2024-04-15
Lead Sponsor
Oslo University Hospital
Target Recruit Count
49
Registration Number
NCT04776525
Locations
🇳🇴

Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

🇳🇴

Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

Comparison of Oral Cyclophosphamide vs Doxorubicin in ≥65 Years Old Advanced or Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients

First Posted Date
2021-02-17
Last Posted Date
2024-06-17
Lead Sponsor
UNICANCER
Target Recruit Count
214
Registration Number
NCT04757337
Locations
🇫🇷

Institut Claudius Reagaud-IUCT Oncopôle, Toulouse, France

Brentuximab Vedotin in Early Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma

First Posted Date
2020-12-28
Last Posted Date
2024-10-30
Lead Sponsor
University College, London
Target Recruit Count
1042
Registration Number
NCT04685616
Locations
🇳🇱

Reinier de Graafweg 3-11 - Postbus 5011 - 2625 AD Delft, Delft, Netherlands

🇬🇧

Colchester Hospital, ESNEFT, Colchester, United Kingdom

🇬🇧

The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHSFT, 65 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

and more 38 locations

Low Dose Continuous Cyclophosphamide vs Standard Doxorubicin in Advanced Sarcoma Elderly Patients

First Posted Date
2020-12-07
Last Posted Date
2024-07-08
Lead Sponsor
Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS
Target Recruit Count
79
Registration Number
NCT04656262
Locations
🇮🇹

Policlinico Sant'Orsola Malpighi, Bologna, BO, Italy

🇮🇹

Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, MI, Italy

🇮🇹

Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli IRCCS, Bologna, Italy

and more 10 locations
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