Zidovudine

Generic Name: Zidovudine

Brand Names: Combivir, Retrovir, Trizivir

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₀H_₁₃N_₅O_₄

CAS Number: 30516-87-1

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 4B9XT59T7S

Background: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia. [PubChem]

Indication: Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections.

Associated Conditions: HIV Transmission, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections, Perinatal HIV transmission

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Evaluation of the Changes in HIV-1 Burden in Peripheral Blood and Lymphoid Tissue Following Zidovudine ( AZT ) Treatment in HIV-1-Infected Patients With CD4+ Cells Between 100 and 500 Cells/mm3.

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2008-07-29

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 18

Registration Number: NCT00000818

Locations: 🇺🇸
Univ of Texas Southwestern Med Ctr of Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States
🇺🇸
Baylor College of Medicine / Houston Veterans Adm Med Ctr, Houston, Texas, United States
🇺🇸
Univ of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States

and more 6 locations

A Study of Zidovudine in Infants Exposed to the HIV Before or Soon After Birth

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2008-07-15

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 18

Registration Number: NCT00001007

Locations: 🇺🇸
Johns Hopkins Hosp, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
🇺🇸
Johns Hopkins Hosp - Pediatric, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
🇺🇸
Stanford Univ School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States

and more 3 locations

A Phase I Trial of Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (rHuGM-CSF), Recombinant Alpha Interferon and Azidothymidine (AZT) in AIDS-Associated Kaposi's Sarcoma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections
Sarcoma, Kaposi

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-11-02

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 18

Registration Number: NCT00000694

Locations: 🇺🇸
Mem Sloan - Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, New York, United States

The Effectiveness of Nelfinavir and Efavirenz, Used Alone or Together, Combined With Other Anti-HIV Drugs in Patients Who Have Taken Anti-HIV Drugs

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-11-01

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 300

Registration Number: NCT00001087

Locations: 🇺🇸
Rush Univ. Med. Ctr. ACTG CRS, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
Cook County Hosp. CORE Ctr., Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
Johns Hopkins Adult AIDS CRS, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

and more 3 locations

A Phase I Concentration-Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety, Tolerance, Pharmacokinetics and Development of Decreased HIV-1 Susceptibility to the Combination of Atevirdine Mesylate (U-87201E), Zidovudine (AZT), and Didanosine (ddI)

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-11-04

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 15

Registration Number: NCT00000742

Locations: 🇺🇸
Univ. of Rochester ACTG CRS, Rochester, New York, United States
🇺🇸
Washington U CRS, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
🇺🇸
USC CRS, Los Angeles, California, United States

and more 2 locations

A Randomized Phase II Study of Two Doses of Interferon Alfa-2a (IFN Alfa-2a) in Combination With Zidovudine (AZT) and Dideoxycytidine (ddC) Versus AZT and ddC Only in Patients With HIV Infection and Less Than 400 CD4 Cells/mm3

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-11-04

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT00000754

Locations: 🇺🇸
Alabama Therapeutics CRS, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
🇺🇸
Univ. of Miami AIDS CRS, Miami, Florida, United States
🇺🇸
Ucsd, Avrc Crs, La Jolla, California, United States

and more 1 locations

Open Label Phase I Study To Evaluate the Safety of Combination Therapy With AZT and Interferon-Beta in Patients With AIDS Related Kaposi's Sarcoma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections
Sarcoma, Kaposi

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-11-02

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 36

Registration Number: NCT00000695

Locations: 🇺🇸
Los Angeles County - USC Med Ctr, Los Angeles, California, United States
🇺🇸
UCLA CARE Ctr, Los Angeles, California, United States
🇺🇸
Northwestern Univ Med School, Chicago, Illinois, United States

and more 1 locations

The Safety of Zidovudine Plus Interferon-Alpha in HIV-Infected Children

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-10-29

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 52

Registration Number: NCT00000967

Locations: 🇵🇷
Univ. Hosp. Ramón Ruiz Arnau, Dept. of Peds., Bayamon, Puerto Rico
🇺🇸
St. Jude/UTHSC CRS, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
🇵🇷
San Juan City Hosp. PR NICHD CRS, San Juan, Puerto Rico

and more 6 locations

Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Zidovudine in Preventing CD4+ Lymphocyte Decline in Patients With Primary HIV Infection. (One Treatment Arm Receives Placebo)

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infections

First Posted Date: 2001-08-31

Last Posted Date: 2021-10-28

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 80

Registration Number: NCT00000765

Locations: 🇺🇸
Univ of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
Univ of Texas Southwestern Med Ctr of Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States
🇺🇸
Houston Clinical Research Network, Houston, Texas, United States

and more 6 locations

Use of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy to Determine Sites of Persistent HIV Infection

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: HIV Infection

First Posted Date: 1999-11-04

Last Posted Date: 2017-07-02

Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Target Recruit Count: 42

Registration Number: NCT00001644

Locations: 🇺🇸
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland, United States

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