Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug in the same family as cisplatin and carboplatin. Compared to cisplatin the two amine groups are replaced by diamino cyclohexane (DACH) group to provide a greater antitumor effect. However, this leads to poorer water solubility, which was compensated by the addition of the chloride moieties. Due to this chemical moiety, oxaliplatin readily undergoes non-enzymatic biotransformation, thus complicating oxaliplatin's pharmacokinetics. Like most platinum-based compounds, oxaliplatin's mechanism of action is primarily through DNA damage through DNA crosslinking, particularly intrastrand and interstrand crosslinking. However, due to the structure of oxaliplatin, its adducts make the binding of mismatch repair protein to DNA harder compared to cisplatin or carboplatin's adducts, resulting in greater cytotoxic effects. The DACH moiety also prevents cross-resistance with cisplatin and carboplatin.
Although oxaliplatin has been investigated as a monotherapy, it is typically administered in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin, known as the FOLFOX regimen, for the treatment of colorectal cancer. This is an effective combination treatment both as a first-line treatment and in patients refractory to an initial fluorouracil and leucovorin combination. Ongoing trials have also shown promising results for oxaliplatin use in nonHodgkin’s lymphoma, breast cancer, mesothelioma, and non-small cell lung cancer.
Oxaliplatin was approved by the FDA on January 9, 2004 and is currently marketed by Sanofi-Aventis under the trademark Eloxatin®.
Oxaliplatin, in combination with infusional fluorouracil and leucovorin, is indicated for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer and adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer in patients who have undergone complete resection of the primary tumor.
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Fujian cancer hospital, Fuzhou, China
Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Academic Medical Center, Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
Ironwood cancer and research center, Chandler, Arizona, United States
City of Hope Cancer Center; Division of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, Duarte, California, United States
Kaiser Permanente - Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
Hospital de Gastroenterología Dr Bonorino Udaondo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Fundación Centro de Medicina Nuclear y Molecular ER, Córdoba, Argentina
Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Grampians Health ( Site 1802), Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science &Technology ( Site 3029), Luoyang, Henan, China
CIMCA ( Site 2501), San Jose, Costa Rica
270 Dongan Road, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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