Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Other: control group

First Posted Date: 2011-04-11

Last Posted Date: 2015-09-10

Lead Sponsor: University of Sao Paulo

Target Recruit Count: 300

Registration Number: NCT01332812

Locations: 🇧🇷
General Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil

TPI 287 in Breast Cancer Metastatic to the Brain

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Interventions: Drug: TPI 287
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Benadryl
Drug: Ranitidine

First Posted Date: 2011-04-11

Last Posted Date: 2018-09-20

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 24

Registration Number: NCT01332630

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

Disrupting the Bone Marrow Microenvironment With G-CSF in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Early Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: G-CSF
Drug: Ifosfamide
Drug: Etoposide
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Mesna

First Posted Date: 2011-04-08

Last Posted Date: 2016-09-20

Lead Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine

Target Recruit Count: 13

Registration Number: NCT01331590

Locations: 🇺🇸
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
🇺🇸
University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States

SOM230 LAR With Bortezomib and Dexamethasone for Refractory or Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma in Relapse
Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: SOM230
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-04-05

Last Posted Date: 2016-02-12

Lead Sponsor: University of Pittsburgh

Registration Number: NCT01329289

Locations: 🇺🇸
Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Bortezomib in Combination With Liposomal Doxorubicin and Dexamethasone to Treat Plasma Cell Leukemia

Phase 2

Conditions: Plasma Cell Leukemia
Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Liposome doxorubicin
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-04-04

Last Posted Date: 2011-09-22

Lead Sponsor: Clinical Service, China

Target Recruit Count: 20

Registration Number: NCT01328236

Locations: 🇨🇳
Beijing Clinical Service Center, Beijing, Beijing, China

Vincristine, Dexamethasone, Doxorubicin, and PEG-asparaginase (VPLD) and Metformin for Relapsed Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Metformin
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: PEG-asparaginase
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Intrathecal chemotherapy

First Posted Date: 2011-03-28

Last Posted Date: 2017-08-07

Lead Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Target Recruit Count: 14

Registration Number: NCT01324180

Locations: 🇺🇸
Holtz Children's Hospital University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
🇺🇸
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Florida, United States
🇺🇸
All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States

and more 2 locations

Hyper-CVAD With Liposomal Vincristine in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Rituximab
Drug: Imatinib
Drug: VSLI
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Solu-Medrol
Drug: Mesna
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Ara-C
Drug: G-CSF
Drug: Pegfilgrastim
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-03-22

Last Posted Date: 2022-09-27

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 31

Registration Number: NCT01319981

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

Study of Oral Ixazomib in Adult Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Light Chain Amyloidosis

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Light-Chain Amyloidosis

Interventions: Drug: Ixazomib
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-03-21

Last Posted Date: 2020-04-01

Lead Sponsor: Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Target Recruit Count: 27

Registration Number: NCT01318902

Locations: 🇩🇪
Universitatsklinikum Heidelberg Innere Medizin V; Hamatologie, Onkologie und Rheumatologie, Heidelberg, Germany
🇺🇸
Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
🇮🇹
Amyloidosis Research & Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy

and more 7 locations

Bortezomib, Vorinostat and Dexamethasone for Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Vorinostat
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Imatinib mesylate

First Posted Date: 2011-03-11

Last Posted Date: 2017-12-28

Lead Sponsor: Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota

Target Recruit Count: 2

Registration Number: NCT01312818

Locations: 🇺🇸
Masonic Cancer Center, University if Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Treatment of Sodium Retention in Liver Cirrhosis With Dexamethasone

Phase 3

Terminated

Conditions: Liver Cirrhosis

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Placebo

First Posted Date: 2011-03-09

Last Posted Date: 2013-04-18

Lead Sponsor: Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern

Target Recruit Count: 2

Registration Number: NCT01311167

Locations: 🇨🇭
University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
🇨🇭
University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
🇨🇭
University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

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