Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Lenalidomide, Cyclophosphamide, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm

Interventions: Drug: cyclophosphamide
Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: lenalidomide

First Posted Date: 2007-05-24

Last Posted Date: 2011-08-31

Lead Sponsor: Mayo Clinic

Target Recruit Count: 53

Registration Number: NCT00478218

Locations: 🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States

Bortezomib, Rituximab and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Participants With Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Methotrexate
Biological: Rituximab
Drug: Vincristine

First Posted Date: 2007-05-23

Last Posted Date: 2022-01-28

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 107

Registration Number: NCT00477412

Locations: 🇺🇸
M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

Retinal OCT and (mfERG) Related to Age, Sex, and the Use of Anti-inflammatory Medications

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Uveitis
Iritis
Iridocyclitis
Anterior Uveitis
Macular Edema

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Diclofenac

First Posted Date: 2007-05-22

Last Posted Date: 2017-05-01

Lead Sponsor: Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Target Recruit Count: 218

Registration Number: NCT00476593

Locations: 🇳🇴
Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
🇳🇴
Department of Ophthalmology, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

ALL Adult Consortium Trial: Adult ALL Trial

Phase 2

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Methylprednisone
Drug: Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: 6-MP
Drug: PEG-Asparaginase
Drug: Imatinib
Drug: Etoposide
Procedure: Radiation Therapy
Drug: E. coli Asparaginase

First Posted Date: 2007-05-21

Last Posted Date: 2024-04-17

Lead Sponsor: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Target Recruit Count: 112

Registration Number: NCT00476190

Locations: 🇺🇸
Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
🇺🇸
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
🇺🇸
Children's Hospital of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

and more 12 locations

Prevention of Delayed Nausea A Phase III Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Nausea

Interventions: Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: aprepitant
Drug: granisetron hydrochloride
Drug: palonosetron hydrochloride
Drug: prochlorperazine
Drug: placebo

First Posted Date: 2007-05-17

Last Posted Date: 2015-11-10

Lead Sponsor: Joseph Roscoe

Target Recruit Count: 1021

Registration Number: NCT00475085

Locations: 🇺🇸
MBCCOP - Gulf Coast, Mobile, Alabama, United States
🇺🇸
CCOP - Central Illinois, Decatur, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
CCOP - Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States

and more 13 locations

A Study to Evaluate Lenalidomide Combined With Dexamethasone in Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: CC-5013 (lenalidomide)
Drug: dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2007-05-16

Last Posted Date: 2009-09-02

Lead Sponsor: Celgene Corporation

Target Recruit Count: 26

Registration Number: NCT00474188

Locations: 🇺🇸
Washington County Hospital, The Center for Clinical Research, Hagerstown, Maryland, United States
🇺🇸
Oncology & Hematology Specialists, PA, Denville, New Jersey, United States
🇺🇸
Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, United States

and more 21 locations